Table 1.
Characteristics of the sample averaged over 20 imputed datasets, stratified by race/ethnicity
| Whole Sample | Asian Subgroups | |||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||||||||||||||
| Non-Latino White | All Asians | Chinese | Filipino | Japanese | South Asian | Korean | Vietnamese | Other Asian Ethnicitya | ||||||||||
| N=149,385 | N=18,103 | N=6,234 | N=4,838 | N=3,217 | N=1,014 | N=658 | N=579 | N=1,563 | ||||||||||
| Survey age, years (mean [SD]) | 71.8 | (7.8) | 70.4 | (7.2) | 70.6 | (7.2) | 69.4 | (6.8) | 72.6 | (7.7) | 68.7 | (6.4) | 69.2 | (6.1) | 68.0 | (5.5) | 70.8 | (7.3) |
| Female (%) | 84,947 | (56.9) | 9,653 | (53.3) | 3,157 | (50.6) | 2,759 | (57.0) | 2,015 | (62.6) | 399 | (39.3) | 372 | (56.5) | 263 | (45.4) | 688 | (44.0) |
| Household income per person, in thousands of dollars (mean [SD]) | 55.1 | (27.8) | 44.9 | (27.0) | 46.3 | (28.3) | 39.0 | (24.0) | 53.3 | (26.7) | 49.0 | (28.7) | 41.3 | (24.7) | 33.8 | (22.6) | 42.9 | (25.9) |
| Educational attainment (%) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Less than high school (Grades 1-<12) | 9,015 | (6.0) | 2,302 | (12.7) | 1,062 | (17.0) | 493 | (10.2) | 218 | (6.8) | 123 | (12.1) | 72 | (10.9) | 119 | (20.5) | 216 | (13.8) |
| High school/GED | 28,693 | (19.2) | 2,754 | (15.2) | 938 | (15.1) | 530 | (10.9) | 719 | (22.4) | 103 | (10.2) | 103 | (15.6) | 84 | (14.4) | 277 | (17.7) |
| Some college | 45,487 | (30.4) | 4,105 | (22.7) | 1,440 | (23.1) | 1,023 | (21.2) | 882 | (27.4) | 126 | (12.4) | 115 | (17.5) | 137 | (23.6) | 383 | (24.5) |
| Bachelor’s degree or greater | 66,190 | (44.3) | 8,943 | (49.4) | 2,794 | (44.8) | 2,792 | (57.7) | 1,399 | (43.5) | 663 | (65.4) | 369 | (56.0) | 240 | (41.5) | 686 | (43.9) |
| Foreign born (%) | 14,813 | (9.9) | 12,788 | (70.6) | 4,305 | (69.1) | 4,361 | (90.1) | 914 | (28.4) | 948 | (93.5) | 599 | (91.0) | 575 | (99.3) | 1,087 | (69.6) |
| Live alone (%) | 38,213 | (25.6) | 2,501 | (13.8) | 865 | (13.9) | 418 | (8.6) | 771 | (24.0) | 99 | (9.8) | 94 | (14.3) | 46 | (7.9) | 207 | (13.2) |
| Married, living as if married (%) | 97,284 | (65.1) | 13,438 | (74.2) | 4,866 | (78.0) | 3,483 | (72.0) | 2,127 | (66.1) | 831 | (82.0) | 511 | (77.6) | 459 | (79.2) | 1,162 | (74.4) |
| Self-reported history of diabetes (%) | 21,215 | (14.2) | 3,888 | (21.5) | 1,061 | (17.0) | 1,313 | (27.1) | 634 | (19.7) | 286 | (28.2) | 123 | (18.7) | 115 | (19.9) | 356 | (22.8) |
| Self-reported history of hypertension (%) | 65,322 | (43.7) | 8,328 | (46.0) | 2,705 | (43.4) | 2,531 | (52.3) | 1,492 | (46.4) | 433 | (42.7) | 235 | (35.7) | 247 | (42.7) | 685 | (43.8) |
| Fair/poor self-rated health | 26,857 | (18.0) | 4,582 | (25.3) | 1,621 | (26.0) | 1,337 | (27.6) | 641 | (19.9) | 209 | (20.6) | 176 | (26.8) | 168 | (29.1) | 430 | (27.5) |
| End of follow up event (%) | ||||||||||||||||||
| Dementia | 22,721 | (15.2) | 2,250 | (12.4) | 753 | (12.1) | 549 | (11.3) | 542 | (16.8) | 109 | (10.7) | 67 | (10.2) | 52 | (9.0) | 178 | (11.4) |
| Death | 32,974 | (22.1) | 2,918 | (16.1) | 1,038 | (16.7) | 732 | (15.1) | 573 | (17.8) | 144 | (14.2) | 83 | (12.6) | 63 | (10.9) | 285 | (18.2) |
| Administratively censored | 62,641 | (41.9) | 8,618 | (47.6) | 3,210 | (51.5) | 2,179 | (45.0) | 1,446 | (44.9) | 497 | (49.0) | 306 | (46.5) | 300 | (51.8) | 680 | (43.5) |
| End of membership | 22,697 | (15.2) | 3,399 | (18.8) | 903 | (14.5) | 1,211 | (25.0) | 409 | (12.7) | 235 | (23.2) | 175 | (26.6) | 151 | (26.1) | 315 | (20.2) |
| Censored 90+b | 8,352 | (5.6) | 918 | (5.1) | 330 | (5.3) | 167 | (3.5) | 247 | (7.7) | 29 | (2.9) | 27 | (4.1) | 13 | (2.2) | 105 | (6.7) |
| Follow up time (mean [SD]) | 9.3 | (4.5) | 9.9 | (4.6) | 10.5 | (4.6) | 9.3 | (4.6) | 9.9 | (4.6) | 9.9 | (4.5) | 9.7 | (4.6) | 10.0 | (5.0) | 9.3 | (4.5) |
a
Other Asian ethnicity group included other Southeast Asians, Multi-ethnic Asians, and participants identified as Asian by the KPNC health plan membership databases
b
For de-identification purposes, censoring events after age 90 were not differentiated between lapse in health plan membership and administrative censoring.