Table 4.
Estimated association of adherence and group allocation at follow-up (aLiFE and eLiFE, n=120)
| Unstandardised B | Coefficient SE | Stnβ | 95% CI | P value | |
| Primary outcome measures | |||||
| LLFDI | |||||
| LLFDI disability frequency | |||||
| Baseline score | 0.677 | 0.065 | 0.716 | 0.549 to 0.80 | 0.000 |
| Group allocation | 0.872 | 0.553 | 0.105 | −0.226 to 1.970 | 0.118 |
| Predicted adherence level | 0.080 | 0.127 | 0.042 | −0.173 to 0.333 | 0.533 |
| LLFDI disability limitation (/100) | |||||
| Baseline score | 0.663 | 0.081 | 0.621 | 0.502 to 0.824 | 0.000 |
| Group allocation | −0.487 | 1.968 | −0.017 | −4.390 to 3.417 | 0.805 |
| Predicted adherence level | 0.663 | 0.081 | 0.621 | 0.346 to 2.393 | 0.009 |
| LLFDI function total components | |||||
| Baseline score | 0.779 | 0.064 | 0.760 | 0.652 to 0.906 | 0.000 |
| Group allocation | −1.354 | 1.260 | −0.057 | −3.854 to 1.146 | 0.285 |
| Predicted adherence level | 0.797 | 0.344 | 0.144 | 0.114 to 1.480 | 0.023 |
| LLFDI UE | |||||
| Baseline score | 0.624 | 0.074 | 0.623 | 0.478 to 0.771 | 0.000 |
| Group allocation | −0.667 | 1.694 | −0.027 | −4.028 to 2.693 | 0.694 |
| Predicted adherence level | 1.113 | 0.418 | 0.197 | 0.285 to 1.942 | 0.009 |
| LLFDI BLE | |||||
| Baseline score | 0.632 | 0.076 | 0.631 | 0.481 to 0.784 | 0.000 |
| Group allocation | −1.994 | 1.788 | −0.072 | −5.540 to 1.552 | 0.267 |
| Predicted adherence level | 1.304 | 0.486 | 0.204 | 0.339 to 2.268 | 0.009 |
| LLFDI ALE | |||||
| Baseline score | 0.868 | 0.066 | 0.780 | 0.736 to 0.999 | 0.000 |
| Group allocation | −1.934 | 1.763 | −0.057 | −5.431 to 1.562 | 0.275 |
| Predicted adherence level | 1.000 | 0.467 | 0.127 | 0.074 to 1.926 | 0.035 |
| Behavioural complexity | |||||
| Complexity, mean | |||||
| Baseline score | 0.178 | 0.076 | 0.235 | 0.028 to 0.329 | 0.021 |
| Group allocation | −0.012 | 0.019 | −0.063 | −0.049 to 0.025 | 0.525 |
| Predicted adherence level | 0.008 | 0.004 | 0.185 | −0.001 to 0.017 | 0.068 |
| Complexity, median (IQR) | |||||
| Baseline score | 0.209 | 0.076 | 0.270 | 0.057 to 0.360 | 0.008 |
| Group allocation | −0.007 | 0.019 | −0.035 | −0.045 to 0.031 | 0.726 |
| Predicted adherence level | 0.008 | 0.004 | 0.186 | −0.045 to 0.017 | 0.063 |
| Secondary outcome measures | |||||
| Cognition, affect and well-being | |||||
| MOCA score | |||||
| Baseline score | 0.590 | 0.090 | 0.558 | 0.411 to 0.769 | 0.000 |
| Group allocation | 0.190 | 0.328 | 0.049 | −0.461 to 0.842 | 0.563 |
| Predicted adherence level | −0.023 | 0.077 | −0.026 | −0.176 to 0.129 | 0.762 |
| CES-D score | |||||
| Baseline score | 0.426 | 0.087 | 0.444 | 0.253 to 0.598 | 0.000 |
| Group allocation | −0.586 | 0.903 | −0.048 | −2.377 to 1.205 | 0.518 |
| Predicted adherence level | −0.889 | 0.257 | −0.313 | −1.399 to −0.380 | 0.001 |
| Short Form 12 | |||||
| Baseline score | 0.500 | 0.102 | 0.467 | 0.297 to 0.703 | 0.000 |
| Group allocation | −0.990 | 0.517 | −0.158 | −2.017 to 0.037 | 0.059 |
| Predicated adherence level | 0.231 | 0.138 | 0.160 | −0.042 to 0.505 | 0.097 |
| Physical ability and mobility* | |||||
| Usual gait speed (7 m walk) | |||||
| Baseline score | 0.621 | 0.057 | 0.717 | 0.507 to 0.735 | 0.000 |
| Group allocation | 0.041 | 0.027 | 0.097 | −0.012 to 0.095 | 0.128 |
| Predicted adherence level | 0.014 | 0.007 | 0.141 | 0.001 to 0.027 | 0.036 |
| CBMS (/96) | |||||
| Baseline score | 0.847 | 0.073 | 0.796 | 0.702 to 0.992 | 0.000 |
| Group allocation | 1.039 | 1.599 | 0.038 | −2.134 to 4.212 | 0.517 |
| Predicated adherence level | 0.206 | 0.431 | 0.033 | −0.648 to 1.061 | 0.633 |
| 8-Level Balance test | |||||
| Baseline score | 0.467 | 0.116 | 0.396 | 0.237 to 0.697 | 0.000 |
| Group allocation | 0.254 | 0.213 | 0.111 | −0.168 to 0.677 | 0.235 |
| Predicted adherence level | 0.047 | 0.051 | 0.089 | −0.053 to 0.147 | 0.356 |
Bold p<0.05
*Strength and balance deficits known to influence adherence.
ALE, advanced lower extremity; aLiFE, adapted Lifestyle-integrated Functional Exercise; BLE, basic lower extremity; CBMS, Community Balance and Mobility Scale; CES-D, Center for Epidemiological Studies Depression; eLiFE, enhanced Lifestyle-integrated Functional Exercise; LLFDI, Late-Life Function and Disability Index; MOCA, Montreal Cognitive Assessment; UE, upper extremity; VAS, Visual Analogue Scale.