Table 3.
Multivariable association between risk factors and ARF, adjusted for sociodemographic matching variables and all other risk factors included in model (n = 496).
| Risk factor | Units | aOR | 95% CI* |
|---|---|---|---|
| Grandparents with any Māori or Pacific ethnicity | 4 versus 0-3 | 5·79 | (2·60-12·88) |
| Family history of ARF/RHD (blood relative) | Yes versus No | 4·97 | (2·53-9·77) |
| Structural household crowding (American Crowding Index) | Crowded versus uncrowded |
3·88 | (1·68-8·98) |
| Barriers to accessing primary health care | Barriers versus no barriers | 2·07 | (1·08-4·00) |
| Number of sugar-sweetened beverages per day | 1-9 versus none | 2·00 | (1·13-3·54) |
| Functional household crowding (Sharing sleeping room to stay warm) | Yes versus No | 1·86 | (0·78-4·41) |
| Limited hot water for bath or shower | Yes versus No | 1·77 | (0·78-4·02) |
| Number of people usually sharing child's bed | Shared versus not shared |
1·73 | (0·94-3·17) |
| Smoker living in house | Yes versus No | 1·28 | (0·67-2·45) |
| Exposure to damp and mould in the home | Damp and mould versus none | 1·27 | (0·64-2·52) |
| Housing tenure | Rented versus owned | 1·22 | (0·56-2·70) |
| Poor oral health (based on dental records) | Decayed, missing, filled teeth versus none |
1·14 | (0·58-2·24) |
| Exposure to cold in the home | Cold versus not cold | 1·11 | (0·51-2·41) |
| Social gatherings outside the home | 4-9 social activities versus 0-3 | 0·81 | (0·47-1·41) |
⁎
Adjusted odds ratio (aOR), with other matching variables included in model: age, sex, ethnicity, deprivation (NZDep13), region (DHB), plus NZiDep (composite of 8 questions), plus other risk factors listed in this table; and 95% confidence interval (95% CI).