TABLE 3.
Hazard ratios hemorrhagic stroke types by low and high drinking water calcium and magnesium exposure in 26,733 women of the Swedish Mammography Cohort1
| Age-standardized incidence rate/100,000 person years (95% CI) | HR (95% CI) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Drinking water calcium and magnesium exposure | Cases, n | Person-years, n | Age-adjusted model2 | Multivariable adjusted model3 | |
| Intracerebral hemorrhage | |||||
| Ca/Mg <50/10 mg/L | 207 | 254,014 | 87 (75, 100) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Ca/Mg ≥50/10 mg/L | 142 | 210,903 | 75 (62, 87) | 0.83 (0.67, 1.03) | 0.83 (0.67, 1.03) |
| Subarachnoid hemorrhage | |||||
| Ca/Mg <50/10 mg/L | 75 | 254,473 | 28 (22, 35) | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Ca/Mg ≥50/10 mg/L | 41 | 211,190 | 20 (14, 26) | 0.67 (0.45, 0.97) | 0.67 (0.45, 0.99) |
Low calcium and magnesium is defined as <50 mg/L calcium and <10 mg/L magnesium, and high calcium and magnesium is defined as ≥50 mg/L calcium or ≥10 mg/L magnesium. Ca, calcium; Mg, magnesium.
Adjusted for age (as time scale).
Adjusted for age (as time scale), level of education (<9, 9, 10–11, 11–12, >12 y), household income (quartiles), smoking status (never, former <10 cigarettes/d, former ≥10 cigarettes/d, current <10 cigarettes/d, current ≥10 cigarettes/d), BMI (<20, 20–24.9, 25–29.9, and 30 kg/cm2), high cholesterol (yes/no), diabetes (yes/no), family history of cardiovascular disease (yes/no), physical activity (walk or bike ≥40 min/wk: yes/no; exercise ≥1 h/wk: yes/no), and alcohol intake (never drinker, former drinker, current drinker <3 glasses/wk, current drinker 3–7 glasses/wk, current drinker >7 glasses/wk).