TABLE 2.
Associations of plant-based indices with global cognitive decline in AA and white study participants1
| AA participants (n = 2012) | White participants (n = 1325) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n | Quintile median (minimum, maximum) | β ± SE | n | Quintile median (minimum, maximum) | β ± SE | |
| PDI | ||||||
| Q1 | 407 | 45 (30, 47) | Reference | 204 | 45 (37, 47) | Reference |
| Q2 | 320 | 49 (48, 50) | 0.0052 ± 0.0076 | 203 | 49 (48, 50) | 0.0105 ± 0.0099 |
| Q3 | 456 | 52 (51, 54) | 0.0039 ± 0.0068 | 333 | 53 (51, 54) | −0.0005 ± 0.0091 |
| Q4 | 330 | 56 (55, 57) | −0.0014 ± 0.0076 | 243 | 56 (55, 57) | −0.0037 ± 0.0097 |
| Q5 | 499 | 61 (58, 74) | 0.0072 ± 0.0073 | 342 | 60 (58, 73) | 0.0010 ± 0.0095 |
| P-trend | 0.51 | 0.24 | ||||
| hPDI | ||||||
| Q1 | 238 | 42 (29, 44) | Reference | 266 | 42 (30, 44) | Reference |
| Q2 | 350 | 47 (45, 48) | 0.0086 ± 0.0084 | 296 | 47 (45, 48) | −0.0106 ± 0.0084 |
| Q3 | 372 | 50 (49, 51) | 0.0167 ± 0.0084 | 222 | 50 (49, 51) | −0.0053 ± 0.0093 |
| Q4 | 532 | 54 (52, 56) | 0.0175 ± 0.0082 | 308 | 54 (52, 56) | −0.0031 ± 0.0088 |
| Q5 | 520 | 60 (57, 72) | 0.0183 ± 0.0086 | 233 | 60 (57, 76) | −0.0047 ± 0.0098 |
| P-trend | 0.04 | 0.65 | ||||
| uPDI | ||||||
| Q1 | 307 | 46 (34, 48) | Reference | 281 | 46 (35, 48) | Reference |
| Q2 | 467 | 51 (49, 53) | −0.0091 ± 0.0075 | 321 | 51 (49, 53) | −0.0022 ± 0.0083 |
| Q3 | 325 | 55 (54, 56) | −0.0015 ± 0.0084 | 244 | 55 (54, 56) | −0.0041 ± 0.0090 |
| Q4 | 462 | 59 (57, 60) | −0.0097 ± 0.0080 | 236 | 58 (57, 60) | −0.0084 ± 0.0094 |
| Q5 | 451 | 64 (61, 78) | −0.0137 ± 0.0086 | 243 | 63 (61, 77) | −0.0091 ± 0.0096 |
| P-trend | 0.21 | 0.44 | ||||
1
Model was adjusted by age (y), sex (F/M), apoE e4 allele, education (y), calorie (kcal), cognitive activities, smoking status (current, former), comorbidities (history of hypertension, diabetes, myocardial infarction, stroke), time (y), and their respective interactions with time. AA, African American; hPDI, healthful plant-based diet index; PDI, plant-based diet index; Q, quintile; uPDI, unhealthful plant-based diet index.