Table 2.
Patient and caregiver characteristics by NPS profiles
| Factors | class 1 Affective | class 2 High behavioral disturbance | class 3 Negative affect | class 4 Affective/deliriant | class 5 Apathy | Chi2/ ANOVA test |
| N = 387 | N = 35 | N = 110 | N = 122 | N = 411 | p | |
| Patient characteristics | ||||||
| Sex | ||||||
| male | 135 (34.9%) | 11 (31.4%) | 56 (50.9%) | 35 (28.7%) | 180 (43.8%) | <0.001* |
| female | 252 (65.1%) | 24 (68.6%) | 54 (49.1%) | 87 (71.3%) | 231 (56.2%) | |
| Age categories | ||||||
| 40–59 | 9 (2.3%) | 0 (0.0%) | 3 (2.7%) | 3 (2.5%) | 10 (2.4%) | <0.001* |
| 60–69 | 35 (9.0%) | 2 (5.7%) | 4 (3.6%) | 7 (5.7%) | 32 (7.8%) | |
| 70–79 | 137 (35.4%) | 3 (8.6%) | 19 (17.3%) | 40 (32.8%) | 122 (29.7%) | |
| 80–89 | 188 (48.6%) | 22 (62.9%) | 71 (64.5%) | 58 (47.5%) | 207 (50.4%) | |
| 90+ | 18 (4.7%) | 8 (22.9%) | 13 (11.8%) | 14 (11.5%) | 40 (9.7%) | |
| Mean (SD) | 79.0 (7.9) | 84.7 (6.2) | 82.1 (7.5) | 80.6 (8.0) | 80.1 (7.9) | < 0.001* |
| Education | ||||||
| primary or less | 156 (40.3%) | 14 (40.0%) | 44 (40.0%) | 55 (45.1%) | 155 (37.7%) | 0.70 |
| secondary or more | 231 (59.7%) | 21 (60.0%) | 66 (60.0%) | 67 (54.9%) | 256 (62.3%) | |
| CDR | ||||||
| 1 | 211 (54.5%) | 8 (22.9%) | 42 (38.2%) | 32 (26.2%) | 188 (45.7%) | <0.001* |
| 2 | 160 (41.3%) | 21 (60.0%) | 59 (53.6%) | 75 (61.5%) | 185 (45.0%) | |
| 3 | 16 (4.1%) | 6 (17.1%) | 9 (8.2%) | 15 (12.3%) | 38 (9.2%) | |
| MMSE | ||||||
| Mean (SD) | 18.4 (4.9) | 13.9 (5.8) | 16.5 (5.4) | 15.6 (5.3) | 17.1 (5.9) | <0.001* |
| Dementia diagnosis | ||||||
| possible | 127 (32.8%) | 17 (48.6%) | 20 (18.2%) | 41 (33.6%) | 99 (24.1%) | <0.001* |
| probable | 260 (67.2%) | 18 (51.4%) | 90 (81.8%) | 81 (66.4%) | 312 (75.9%) | |
| Caregiver characteristics | ||||||
| Sex | ||||||
| male | 168 (43.4%) | 8 (22.9%) | 20 (18.2%) | 42 (34.4%) | 157 (38.2%) | <0.001* |
| female | 219 (56.6%) | 27 (77.1%) | 90 (81.8%) | 80 (65.6%) | 254 (61.8%) | |
| Age categories | ||||||
| 30–59 | 93 (24.0%) | 9 (25.7%) | 25 (22.7%) | 41 (33.6%) | 82 (20.0%) | 0.23 |
| 60–69 | 86 (22.2%) | 13 (37.1%) | 27 (24.5%) | 29 (23.8%) | 91 (22.1%) | |
| 70–79 | 123 (31.8%) | 7 (20.0%) | 35 (31.8%) | 33 (27.0%) | 136 (33.1%) | |
| 80–89 | 82 (21.2%) | 5 (14.3%) | 22 (20.0%) | 18 (14.8%) | 96 (23.4%) | |
| 90+ | 3 (0.8%) | 1 (2.9%) | 1 (0.9%) | 1 (0.8%) | 6 (1.5%) | |
| Mean (SD) | 68.9 (12.3) | 66.3 (12.4) | 69.2 (12.2) | 65.4 (12.4) | 70.3 (11.4) | 0.001* |
| Education | ||||||
| primary or less | 226 (58.4%) | 21 (60.0%) | 79 (71.8%) | 74 (60.7%) | 254 (61.8%) | 0.16 |
| secondary or more | 161 (41.6%) | 14 (40.0%) | 31 (28.2%) | 48 (39.3%) | 157 (38.2%) |
Data are presented as mean (SD) for continuous variables and n (%) for categorical variables. Univariate test results are presented in the last column. *Statistically significant p-values after Bonferroni correction (p < 0.004).