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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Oct 6.
Published in final edited form as: Cell Metab. 2022 May 10;34(6):805–817. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2022.04.010

Figure 4. Effects of β-blockers on BMD and bone turnover markers in humans.

Figure 4.

Percent change from baseline following 20 weeks of treatment in (A) ultradistal radius and (B) distal radius BMD, as well as serum levels of (C) CTX and (D) total osteocalcin; ANCOVA p values are indicated, and when these were <0.05, individual groups were compared with placebo using the Dunnett’s two-tailed t test; *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001. Data are mean ± SEM. Adapted from Khosla et al. (2018).