Table 3.

Multinomial Logistic Regression Between Skin Autofluorescence (SAF) as Exposure and Prefrailty and Physical Frailty as Outcomes When Compared to Nonfrail Individuals

	Prefrail (N = 1 221 or 48%)		Frail (N = 96 or4%)		p Value of Interaction
	Odds Ratio (95% CI)	p Value	Odds Ratio (95% CI)	p Value
	Ref. (nonfrail)		Ref. (nonfrail)		SAF × sex 0.30
Model 1	1.38 (1.15–1.66)	.0004	2.04 (1.34–3.12)	.001	SAF × DM 0.60
Model 2	1.29 (1.07–1.56)	.007	1.87 (1.20–2.90)	.005	SAF × smoking 0.12

Notes: Model 1 was adjusted for age, sex, and RS-cohorts. Model 2 was additionally adjusted for eGFR, DM status, smoking status, education level, and BMI. All bold p-values are <.05 denoting significant results.