Table 2.
A summary of meta-analyses results on each outcome at each time point analyzed.
| Time points | Sample size (n) | MDa or SMDb (95% CI) | t value | P value | τ2 statistic | I2 (%) | |||||||||
| Weight (kg) | |||||||||||||||
|
|
<3 months | 8 | −1.15 (−3.02 to 0.72) | −1.46 | .19 | 4.63 | 91.3 | ||||||||
|
|
3 months | 11 | −2.18 (−3.59 to −0.78) | −3.46 | .006c | 3.80 | 87.3 | ||||||||
|
|
6 months | 13 | −2.15 (−3.25 to −1.05) | −4.26 | .001d | 2.02 | 52.4 | ||||||||
|
|
9-12 months | 5 | −1.63 (−2.99 to −0.26) | −3.31 | .03d | 0.03 | 0 | ||||||||
| Waist circumference (cm) | |||||||||||||||
|
|
<3 months | 4 | −2.30 (−6.98 to −2.38) | −1.57 | .22 | 6.92 | 81.7 | ||||||||
|
|
3 months | 4 | −3.85 (−9.31 to 1.60) | −2.25 | .11 | 10.28 | 88.7 | ||||||||
|
|
6 months | 2 | −0.92 (−3.88 to 2.04) | −3.94 | .16 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
|
|
12 months | 3 | −1.19 (−3.80, to 1.43) | −1.95 | .19 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
| HDL-Ce | |||||||||||||||
|
|
3 months | 2 | 0.01 (−0.15 to 0.17)b | 0.80 | .57 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
| LDL-Cf | |||||||||||||||
|
|
3 months | 2 | −0.06 (−1.31 to 1.44)b | 0.58 | .66 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
| Glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c; %) | |||||||||||||||
|
|
3-6 months | 3 | −0.22 (−1.03 to −0.6) | −1.14 | .37 | 0.07 | 67.1 | ||||||||
| Total energy intake per dayg | |||||||||||||||
|
|
6-12 months | 3 | −86.2 (−494.53 to 322.12) | −0.91 | .46 | 11,382 | 23.9 | ||||||||
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | |||||||||||||||
|
|
3 months | 3 | −4.67 (−5.95 to −3.40) | −15.8 | .004d | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
|
|
6 months | 2 | −0.28 (−15.6 to 15.03) | −0.23 | .85 | 1.10 | 21 | ||||||||
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | |||||||||||||||
|
|
3 months | 3 | −2.88 (−8.37 to 2.62) | −2.25 | .15 | 3.51 | 68.3 | ||||||||
|
|
6 months | 2 | −0.65 (−1.56 to 0.26c) | −9.06 | .07 | 0 | 0 | ||||||||
aMD: mean difference.
bSMD: standardized mean difference (adjusted with Hedges g).
cP<.05.
dP<.01.
eHDL-C: high-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
fLDL-C: low-density lipoprotein cholesterol.
gkJ converted to kcal.