Table 1. Regulatory interventions to control and prevent brucellosis in Israel.

Regulation	Year of implementation and implementing organization	Description of implementation	Degree of implementation
Building healthy public policy:
Farmers register their herds and animals [53]	Regulations for reporting animal diseases MOA*	Farmers register the herds with the veterinary services	Most herds are registered, however not all
Monitoring and reporting the prevalence of brucellosis in animals [31,38,41,54)]	Based on the 1945 animal disease ordinance. MOA	Reporting of clinical symptoms in animals	Partial at best
Monitoring the prevalence of brucellosis in humans [30,37,39]	The Public Health Ordinance 1940, brucellosis is a mandatory reported disease in Israel since 1951, MOH*	Compulsory reporting of infectious diseases including brucellosis	Regularly monitored by the MOH, may be underreported to some degree
Regulations for testing animals [31,36–38,41]	Based on the1945 animal disease ordinance, updated 1985, MOA (objectives: test 80% of herds)	1995-1998- large scale testing 2014–2018 increased serological tests	Large differences in levels of testing between the years
Regulations for culling of infected animals [31,35–37,40,41]	Based on the 1945 animal disease ordinance, updated 1985, MOA	Large scale interventions for culling of infected animals 1995–1998 2015–2017	Differences in levels of performance by years
Immunization and monitoring immunizations of animals [31,36–38,41]	A compulsory vaccine since 1989 implemented by the veterinary service, MOA. Compulsory reporting by farmers of litter aged 2–4 months old for vaccination, 4 times a year, since 1997	Large scale interventions for immunization of animals 1995–1998 2015–2017	Most herds are vaccinated but not all
Regulations for compensation of farmers [41]	Based on the 1945 animal disease ordinance, updated 2008, MOA	Farmers receive compensation for culling only if herd was registered with the MOA	The farmers complain of partial and delayed compensation
Regulation of production of dairy products [50]	By MOH Since the 50’s Updated 2011 and 2015	There are laws and regulations regulating the production of milk products	All commercial production and sales of milk products are regulated, however home production is difficult to regulate.

*MOA- Ministry of Agriculture, MOH Ministry of Health