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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Oct 6.
Published in final edited form as: Adv Funct Mater. 2021 Feb 19;31(22):2007555. doi: 10.1002/adfm.202007555

Figure 3. 3D printing of t-ZnO-laden GelMA hydrogel constructs.

Figure 3.

(A) Schematic diagram of 3D printing of t-ZnO-laden composite ink on the printing bed at 4 °C and crosslinked by UV light exposure. Phase contrast images showed (B) printed microfilaments of 10 % t-ZnO-laden GelMA hydrogels, individual tetrapods of t-ZnO that protruded out from the filaments, and (C) well-dispersed t-ZnO in the filaments. (D) Different shapes of VEGF-coated t-ZnO-laden printed hydrogel. (E) Photograph of the highly dense printed construct (3 layers) under UV and confocal micrograph of the 2% t-ZnO microparticles embedded in the printed construct. (F) Photograph showing free-standing printed construct with excellent mechanical stability to touch and grasp. (G and H) Photographs of the 3D printed constructs with grid-like (G) and layered (H) arrangements using two colored t-ZnO-laden composite inks with multi-nozzle printer in grid-like arrangement for synergetic effect of two inks. (I) SEM image of printed construct that showed microporous morphology and embedded t-ZnO microparticles.