Table 5.

Environmental Risk Assessment (ERA) parameters estimated for field populations of Aenasius arizonensis.

Insecticide	Population	Recommended dose (g ai ha−1)	Ex	IOBC classification	Risk index	Risk category	Selectivity ratio (SR)	Hazard quotient (HQ)	Hazard category
Imidacloprid	Junagadh	25	74.83	Slightly harmful	0.31	Low risk	0.00021	27.778	Safe
	Ludhiana	25	68.30	Slightly harmful	0.14	Low risk	0.00092	22.222	Safe
	Saoner	25	61.46	Slightly harmful	0.24	Low risk	0.00014	28.571	Safe
	Chhindwara	25	82.77	Moderately harmful	0.51	Medium risk	0.00004	100	Slightly to moderately
Profenofos	Junagadh	500	81.15	Moderately harmful	0.73	High risk	0.00007	333.33	Slightly to moderately
	Ludhiana	500	71.81	Slightly harmful	0.58	Medium risk	0.00013	555.56	Slightly to moderately
	Saoner	500	72.66	Slightly harmful	0.70	High risk	0.00004	645.16	Slightly to moderately
	Chhindwara	500	78.69	Slightly harmful	0.75	High risk	0.00002	2222.2	Slightly to moderately
Thiodicarb	Junagadh	750	79.86	Slightly harmful	0.32	Low risk	0.00018	500	Slightly to moderately
	Ludhiana	750	60.84	Slightly harmful	0.04	Low risk	0.00006	500	Slightly to moderately
	Saoner	750	61.68	Slightly harmful	0.15	Low risk	0.00076	348.84	Slightly to moderately
	Chhindwara	750	77.79	Slightly harmful	0.37	Low risk	0.00005	833.33	Slightly to moderately

ERA parameters were estimated on the females of Aenasius arizonensis exposed to lethal doses of imidacloprid, profenofos and thiodicarb.

E_x denotes Reduction coefficient.

IOBC classification is based on Reduction coefficient values.

Risk category: categorizing of insecticides based on Risk Indices in 0–1 scale with 0 = safe and 1 = Highly risk.

Selectivity ratio (SR)values < 1 indicates the non selective nature of the insecticides;

Hazard category : If HQ is less than 50—a pesticide is considered safe, 50–2500—slightly to moderately toxic and > 2500 as dangerous.