Table 1.
Demographic, Clinical, and Sleep Characteristics (N=195)
| Variables | Mean (SD) / N (%) |
|---|---|
| Age | 63.0 (12.8) |
| Gender: Female | 84 (43.1%) |
| Race | |
| White | 146 (74.9%) |
| African American | 35 (17.9%) |
| Native American | 1 (0.5%) |
| Asian | 1 (0.5%) |
| Other | 12 (6.2%) |
| Ethnicity | |
| Hispanic | 9 (4.6%) |
| Non-Hispanic | 185 (95.4%) |
| Veterans | 24 (12.3%) |
| Body Mass Index (BMI) | 31.9 (8.4) |
| <18.5 | 3 (1.6%) |
| 18.5 - <25 | 37 (20.0%) |
| 25 - <30 | 44 (23.8%) |
| 30+ | 101 (54.6%) |
| New York Heart Association (NYHA) Classification | |
| I | 60 (31.1%) |
| II | 88 (45.6%) |
| III | 40 (20.7%) |
| IV | 5 (2.6%) |
| Ejection Fraction (EF) % | 49.5 (15.1) |
| HFpEF (LVEF≥ 50%) | 104 (54.4%) |
| HFmEF (LVEF 41–49%) | 29 (15.2%) |
| HFrEF (LVEF ≤ 40%) | 58 (30.4%) |
| Seattle Heart Failure Model | 11.6 (5.0) |
| Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) | 2.8 (1.9) |
| Sleep Apnea / CPAP Use | 104 (53.3%) |
| Heart Failure Medications | |
| ACE or ARB | 96 (49.2%) |
| Beta-blocker | 129 (66.2%) |
| Statin | 118 (60.5%) |
| HCTZ | 8 (5.7%) |
| Loop diuretic* | 124 (71.3%) |
| Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) | 15.0 (4.6) |
Note. HFpEF = heart failure persevered ejection fraction, HFmEF = heart failure midrange ejection fraction, HFrER = heart failure reduced ejection fraction, LVEF = left ventricular ejection fraction.
Loop diuretic* counts any loop diuretic among Bumex, Demadex, and Lasix.