Figure 2.

This Manhattan plot shows the significance of association between bronchopulmonary dysplasia and 94 different maternal phenotypes. The Phecode “problems associated with the amniotic cavity and membranes” includes polyhydramnios, oligohydramnios, premature rupture of membranes, and infection of the amniotic cavity. The Phecode “known or suspected fetal abnormality affecting management of the mother” includes the following diagnoses: 1) abnormality in fetal heart rate or rhythm, 2) central nervous system malformation affecting management of the mother, 3) chromosomal abnormality in fetus affecting management of the mother, 4) decreased fetal movements affecting management of the mother. Clusters of maternal phenotypes are shown on the x-axis. The y-axis displays the −log10(p)-value for each phenotype. The red horizontal line indicates a threshold the Bonferroni corrected p-value < 0.000532.