Table 2:
Unadjusted associations of cardiovascular risk factors with CIMT and IM-GSM
| CIMT‡ (μm) | IM-GSM¥ (unitless) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| β-estimate | (SE) | p-value | β-estimate | (SE) | p-value | |
| Age, years | 5.288 | (0.565) | <.0001 | −0.235 | (0.062) | 0.0002 |
| Race | ||||||
| White non-Hispanic | ref | ref | ||||
| Black non-Hispanic | 43.33 | (14.35) | 0.003 | −4.54 | (1.48) | 0.002 |
| Hispanic | −21.46 | (12.06) | 0.08 | −5.50 | (1.25) | <.0001 |
| Asian | −14.78 | (15.16) | 0.33 | −0.99 | (1.57) | 0.53 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 2.724 | (0.76) | 0.0004 | −0.853 | (0.07) | <.0001 |
| Physical activity, MET hours/week | 0.031 | (0.20) | 0.88 | 0.077 | (0.02) | 0.0002 |
| LDL cholesterol, mg/dl | 0.291 | (0.13) | 0.03 | −0.041 | (0.01) | 0.003 |
| HDL cholesterol, mg/dl | −0.501 | (0.24) | 0.03 | 0.147 | (0.02) | <.0001 |
| Triglycerides, mg/dl | 0.098 | (0.08) | 0.20 | −0.046 | (0.008) | <.0001 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mmHg | 2.609 | (0.32) | <.0001 | −0.198 | (0.03) | <.0001 |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mmHg | 1.489 | (0.59) | 0.01 | −0.285 | (0.06) | <.0001 |
| Antihypertensive medication use | 23.49 | (9.73) | 0.02 | −4.84 | (0.99) | <.0001 |
| Glucose, mg/dl | 0.682 | (0.40) | 0.09 | −0.209 | (0.04) | <.0001 |
| Leptin, ng/ml | 0.558 | (0.28) | 0.05 | −0.214 | (0.03) | <.0001 |
| Adiponectin, μg/ml | −0.909 | (0.61) | 0.13 | 0.272 | (0.06) | <.0001 |
| Ghrelin, pg/ml | −0.009 | (0.009) | 0.33 | 0.005 | (0.001) | <.0001 |
| IL-6, pg/ml | 8.967 | (3.40) | 0.009 | −1.283 | (0.35) | 0.0003 |
| ICAM-1, ng/ml | 0.148 | (0.06) | 0.01 | −0.021 | (0.006) | 0.0006 |
| VCAM-1, ng/ml | 0.025 | (0.025) | 0.31 | 0.0016 | (0.003) | 0.55 |
| E-selectin, ng/ml | 0.500 | (0.40) | 0.21 | −0.252 | (0.04) | <0.0001 |
| P-selectin, ng/ml | 0.120 | 0.144) | 0.40 | −0.008 | (0.015) | 0.57 |
| MIP-1α, pg/ml | −0.0001 | (0.013) | 0.99 | −0.0001 | (0.001) | 0.95 |
| TNF-α, pg/ml | 0.519 | (1.61) | 0.79 | −0.204 | (0.167) | 0.22 |
| INF-γ, pg/ml | −0.561 | (1.23) | 0.65 | −0.092 | (0.129) | 0.47 |
| IL-1α, pg/ml | 0.040 | (0.08) | 0.65 | −0.007 | (0.009) | 0.43 |
| IL-1β, pg/ml | −0.003 | (0.03) | 0.91 | −0.001 | (0.003) | 0.74 |
| IL-8, pg/ml | 0.004 | (0.22) | 0.83 | −0.003 | (0.002) | 0.21 |
| IL-10, pg/ml | −0.015 | (0.04) | 0.71 | −0.0008 | (0.004) | 0.85 |
| MCP-1, pg/ml | 0.041 | (0.028) | 0.15 | −0.004 | (0.003) | 0.20 |
‡
Carotid artery Intima-media thickness
¥
Intima-media gray scale median