Table 1.
Baseline characteristics and outcomes of patients, according to functional outcomes at 3 month
| Variables | Favorable | Unfavorable | p-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||
| Number of patients (%) | 240 (55.6) | 192 (44.4) | |
| Age, mean±SD | 66.0±13.5 | 73.4±11.8 | <0.001* |
| Men, n (%) | 136 (56.7) | 97 (50.5) | 0.203 |
| Risk factors, n (%) | |||
| Hypertension | 136 (56.7) | 117 (60.9) | 0.279 |
| Diabetic mellitus | 61 (25.4) | 52 (27.1) | 0.695 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 86 (35.8) | 76 (39.6) | 0.287 |
| Coronary artery disease | 41 (17.1) | 26 (13.5) | 0.138 |
| Prior stroke or TIA | 26 (10.8) | 30 (15.6) | 0.141 |
| Smoking | 47 (19.6) | 39 (20.3) | 0.850 |
| Dyslipidemia | 104 (43.3) | 74 (38.5) | 0.315 |
| Body mass index ≥25 kg/m2 | 65 (27.1) | 55 (28.6) | 0.719 |
| Stroke etiology, n (%) | |||
| Cardio-embolic | 104 (43.3) | 76 (39.6) | 0.401 |
| Atherosclerosis | 75 (31.3) | 70 (36.5) | 0.374 |
| Dissection | 4 (1.7) | 2 (1.0) | 0.288 |
| Other or undetermined | 57 (23.8) | 44 (22.9) | 0.408 |
| Occlusion site, n (%) | |||
| Middle cerebral artery | 138 (57.5) | 99 (51.6) | 0.327 |
| Distal internal carotid artery | 42 (17.5) | 41 (21.4) | 0.309 |
| Proximal internal carotid artery | 34 (14.2) | 31 (16.1) | 0.411 |
| Anterior cerebral artery | 4 (1.7) | 3 (1.6) | 0.889 |
| Posterior circulation | 22 (9.2) | 18 (9.4) | 0.851 |
| Laboratory findings, mean±SD | |||
| Red blood cells, ×1012/L | 4.45±0.75 | 4.55±1.61 | 0.363 |
| White blood cells, ×109/L | 8.35±3.29 | 9.68±3.73 | 0.104 |
| Neutrophils, ×109/L | 6.77±3.38 | 7.43±3.81 | 0.032* |
| Lymphocytes, ×109/L | 1.99±1.03 | 1.72±1.37 | 0.030* |
| Monocytes, ×109/L | 0.56±0.24 | 0.61±0.29 | 0.251 |
| Hemoglobin, g/dL | 13.79±1.97 | 13.55±2.79 | 0.299 |
| Hematocrit, % | 42.09±16.79 | 39.41±13.28 | 0.129 |
| Platelets, ×109/L | 229.1±86.6 | 220.1±64.5 | 0.232 |
| PLR | 135.0±120.3 | 167.6±139.3 | <0.001* |
| PNR | 47.1±24.6 | 35.4±22.4 | <0.001* |
| PWR | 27.7±12.1 | 22.4±10.8 | 0.009* |
| Prothrombin time, sec | 13.4±5.78 | 13.6±6.28 | 0.421 |
| Activated partial thromboplastin time, sec | 36.4±12.4 | 37.1±14.5 | 0.537 |
| High-sensitivity C-reactive protein, mg/L | 0.65±1.65 | 1.18±2.51 | 0.010* |
| Erythrocyte sedimentation rate, mm/h | 19.4±16.9 | 22.7±19.8 | 0.107 |
| Total protein, g/dL | 6.79±0.69 | 6.81±0.68 | 0.713 |
| Blood urea nitrogen (BUN), mg/dL | 16.77±9.61 | 17.85±8.37 | 0.224 |
| Creatinine (Cr), mg/dL | 0.86±0.45 | 0.90±0.67 | 0.500 |
| BUN/Cr ratio | 20.62±12.71 | 21.04±10.39 | 0.686 |
| HbA1c, % | 6.20±1.23 | 6.19±1.24 | 0.947 |
| Serum glucose, mg/dL | 148.8±61.4 | 154.8±58.3 | 0.299 |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 178.1±49.9 | 177.1±41.6 | 0.831 |
| HDL-C, mg/dL | 51.1±21.2 | 48.9±19.5 | 0.244 |
| LDL-C, mg/dL | 104.5±34.8 | 105.2±31.5 | 0.837 |
| Triglyceride, mg/dL | 141.1±103.4 | 124.0±80.1 | 0.244 |
| Pre-interventional details | |||
| Left hemisphere stroke, n (%) | 139 (57.9) | 102 (53.1) | 0.319 |
| Intravenous thrombolysis, n (%) | 84 (35.0) | 73 (38.0) | 0.517 |
| ASPECTS, median (IQR) | 9 [8-10] | 8 [6-10] | 0.014* |
| Initial NIHSS, mean±SD | 8.1±5.1 | 13.9±6.6 | <0.001* |
| Sx to puncture time (min), mean±SD | 212±98 | 298±133 | <0.001* |
| Procedure detail | |||
| Procedure time (min), mean±SD | 34±18 | 59±36 | 0.002* |
| Successful recanalization, n (%) | 235 (97.9) | 172 (89.6) | <0.001* |
| First pass reperfusion, n (%) | 105 (43.8) | 62 (32.3) | 0.015* |
| Clinical outcomes, n (%) | |||
| Symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage | 4 (1.7) | 27 (14.1) | <0.001* |
| Hemorrhagic transformation | 37 (15.4) | 62 (32.3) | <0.001* |
| Mortality at 3 months | 0 (0.0) | 39 (20.3) | <0.001* |
Data are presented as n (%), mean±SD and median [IQR].
*
Statistically significant
SD, standard deviation; TIA, transient ischemic attack; PLR, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio; PNR, platelet-to-neutrophil ratio; PWR, platelet-to-white blood cell ratio; HbA1c, glycated hemoglobin; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; ASPECTS, alberta stroke program early CT score; IQR, interquartile range; NIHSS, national institutes of health stroke scale; Sx, symptom