Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of participants stratified by the quartile of the WHR.
| Total population | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 6253 | 1719 | 1530 | 1717 | 1287 | |
| Age, years | 58.44 ± 13.11 | 54.95 ± 12.91 | 57.63 ± 13.28 | 59.94 ± 12.84 | 62.07 ± 12.24 | < 0.001 |
| Sex, male, n (%) | 2891 (46.2) | 209 (12.2) | 597 (39.0) | 1078 (62.8) | 1007 (78.2) | < 0.001 |
| Race, n (%) | < 0.001 | |||||
| Non-Hispanic white | 3151 (50.4) | 924 (53.8) | 736 (48.1) | 853 (49.7) | 638 (49.6) | |
| Non-Hispanic black | 1392 (22.3) | 443 (25.8) | 414 (27.1) | 349 (20.3) | 186 (14.5) | |
| Mexican-American | 1440 (23.0) | 261 (15.2) | 314 (20.5) | 440 (25.6) | 425 (33.0) | |
| Others | 270 (4.3) | 91 (5.3) | 66 (4.3) | 75 (4.4) | 38 (3.0) | |
| Smoking, n (%) | 3415 (54.6) | 740 (43.0) | 796 (52.0) | 1032 (60.1) | 847 (65.8) | < 0.001 |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 618 (9.9) | 85 (5.0) | 128 (8.4) | 200 (11.6) | 205 (16.0) | < 0.001 |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 2021 (32.5) | 410 (23.9) | 485 (31.8) | 617 (36.1) | 509 (39.8) | < 0.001 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 27.60± 5.49 | 26.03 ± 6.07 | 27.24 ± 5.68 | 28.02 ± 4.74 | 29.60 ± 4.60 | < 0.001 |
| Pulse, bpm | 75.27 ± 12.23 | 74.38 ± 11.35 | 75.18 ± 12.41 | 75.45 ± 12.19 | 76.32 ± 13.12 | < 0.001 |
| SBP, mmHg | 131.14 ± 18.95 | 124.87 ± 18.35 | 131.10 ± 19.43 | 134.00 ± 18.41 | 135.75 ± 17.60 | < 0.001 |
| DBP, mmHg | 58.11 ± 7.08 | 58.44 ± 6.59 | 58.08 ± 7.03 | 57.93 ± 7.44 | 57.95 ± 7.30 | 0.143 |
| Triglycerides, mg/dL | 127.0 (90.0, 184.0) | 99 (74.0, 142.0) | 122.0 (88.0, 168.0) | 141.0 (102.0, 202.0) | 165.0 (113.0, 241.0) | < 0.001 |
| Total cholesterol, mg/dL | 217.75 ± 43.06 | 212.49 ± 41.82 | 219.62 ± 43.61 | 220.93 ± 42.91 | 218.30 ± 43.63 | < 0.001 |
| LDL−C, mg/dL | 136.50 ± 38.50 | 130.04 ± 36.84 | 138.01 ± 39.60 | 140.47 ± 38.15 | 138.25 ± 38.87 | < 0.001 |
| HDL−C, mg/dL | 51.51 ± 16.47 | 58.41 ± 16.65 | 53.43 ± 16.56 | 48.11 ± 14.97 | 44.48 ± 13.78 | < 0.001 |
| Fibrinogen, mg/dL | 309.48 ± 85.12 | 301.05 ± 78.91 | 305.83 ± 84.96 | 312.89 ± 87.01 | 320.33 ± 89.25 | < 0.001 |
| C-reactive protein, mg/dL | 0.21 (0.21, 0.50) | 0.21 (0.21, 0.40) | 0.21 (0.21, 0.44) | 0.21 (0.21, 0.50) | 0.21 (0.21, 0.60) | < 0.001 |
| Creatinine, mg/dL | 1.09 ± 0.35 | 1.01 ± 0.34 | 1.07 ± 0.20 | 1.13 ± 0.32 | 1.18 ± 0.49 | < 0.001 |
| Uric acid, mg/dL | 5.40 ± 1.46 | 4.67 ± 1.26 | 5.33 ± 1.39 | 5.69 ± 1.39 | 6.07 ± 1.44 | < 0.001 |
| BUN, mg/dL | 15.17 ± 5.52 | 14.04 ± 5.36 | 15.02 ± 4.85 | 15.59 ± 6.00 | 16.30 ± 5.52 | < 0.001 |
| FPG, mg/dL | 95.0 (88.0, 105.0) | 91.0 (86.0, 99.0) | 94.0 (88.0, 103.0) | 97.0 (89.0, 107.0) | 100.0 (91.0, 114.0) | < 0.001 |
| HbA1c, % | 5.74 ± 1.23 | 5.45 ± 0.88 | 5.70 ± 1.16 | 5.84 ± 1.32 | 6.05 ± 1.46 | < 0.001 |
| CIIS | 2.2 (0, 8.8) | 1.4 (0, 7.3) | 1.5 (0, 7.6) | 2.6 (0, 9.6) | 3.7 (0, 10.7) | < 0.001 |
| SC-MI, n (%) | 1342 (21.5) | 294 (17.1) | 281 (18.4) | 407 (23.7) | 360 (28.0) | < 0.001 |
Data are expressed as mean ± SD, median (interquartile range), or n (%).
WHR, waist-hip ratio; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; LDL-C, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL-C, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol; BUN, blood urea nitrogen; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c; CIIS, cardiac infarction/injury score; SC-MI, subclinical myocardial injury.