TABLE 4.

The main natural active ingredients and targets of anticoronavirus traditional Chinese medicine prescription

Name	Elements	Important ingredients	Intervention target/path	Clinical effects
Pneumonia No.1	Radix Bupleuri, Scutellariae, Radix Pinellia Tuber, Codonopsis, Radix Fructus Trichosanthis, Areca catechu L, Fructus Tsaoko, Magnoliae Officmalis, Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, common Peony licorice, Tangerine Peel, and Rhizoma polygoni cuspidat	Glycyrrhizin, Baicalein, β‐Sitosterol, 7‐Acetyloxy‐2‐Methyl Isoflavones, Locustin, and Scutellarin (Liang et al., 2020)	HSP90AA1, CASP8, FASLG, CYP19A1, and MAPK14 (Liang et al., 2020)	Improve the clinical symptoms of SARS‐COV‐2 infection, improve immunity, and reduce inflammation
Qingfei‐Paidu Decoction	Ephedra, licorice, Almond, Gypsum, Cassia Twig, Alisma, Polyporus, Atractylodes, Poria, Bupleurum, Scutellaria, Ginger Pinellia, Ginger, Aster Tataricus Coltsfoot Flower, Belamcandae Rhizoma, Asarum, Chinese Yam, Citrus aurantium and Tangerine Peel, Agastache	Baicalin, Glycyrrhizic acid, Hesperidin,Hyperoside.	AKT1, TNF‐α, IL6, PTGS2，HMOX1，IL10 & TP53 (Zhao et al., 2021)	Targeted inhibit virus replication and avoid host cell inflammation storm
LQC	Forsythia, Honeysuckle, Roasted Ephedra, Sauteed Bitter Almonds, Gypsum, Radix Isatidis, Mianma Guanzhong, Houttuynia Cordata, Patchouli, Rhubarb, Rhodiola, Menthol, Licorice, Starch	Kaempferol, Quercetin, Luteolin, Glycyrrhetinic Acid, and Stigmasterol, Indigo	PTGS2, IL6, CASP3, MAPK1, EGFR, TNF (Ling, Tao, Sun, & Yuan, 2020)	LQC