FIGURE 1.

GABA synthesis, release, reuptake, and functional response. GABA is synthesized from glutamine, stored in storage vesicles, and released into the synaptic cleft from the presynaptic neuron. The released GABA can bind to GABA receptors on postsynaptic neurons. GATs clear GABA from the synaptic cleft and transfers it against a concentration gradient back into the presynaptic neuron or into a neighbouring astrocyte where it is converted via Krebs cycle to glutamate and eventually glutamine. Glutamine is then transported back into the presynaptic GABAergic neuron via excitatory amino acid transporters. GABA, γ‐aminobutyric acid; GAT, GABA transporter