TABLE 1.
Baseline characteristics, demographics, and pre‐cannulation treatment
| Total (n = 54) | VV ECMO (n = 16) | RVAD/ECMO (n = 38) | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 53.0 (27.0–69.0) | 53.5 (29.0–69.0) | 53.0 (27.0–69.0) |
| Female | 21 (38.9) | 7 (43.8) | 14 (36.8) |
| Race | |||
| Caucasian | 28 (51.9) | 9 (56.3) | 19 (50.0) |
| Black | 13 (24.1) | 5 (31.3) | 8 (21.1) |
| Asian | 3 (5.6) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (7.9) |
| American Indian | 2 (3.7) | 1 (6.3) | 1 (2.6) |
| Hispanic | 7 (13.0) | 1 (6.3) | 6 (15.8) |
| Other | 1 (1.9) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (2.6) |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 36.1 (30.0–40.9) | 38.9 (28.7–40.7) | 35.3 (30.3–41.4) |
| Body surface area (m2) | 2.3 (2.0–2.5) | 2.3 (2.0–2.5) | 2.2 (2.0–2.4) |
| Comorbidities | |||
| Diabetes | 23 (42.6) | 7 (43.8) | 16 (42.1) |
| Chronic kidney disease | 4 (7.4) | 3 (18.8) | 1 (2.6) |
| Hypertension | 35 (64.8) | 12 (75.0) | 23 (60.5) |
| Coronary artery disease | 1 (1.9) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (2.6) |
| Hyperlipidemia | 20 (37.0) | 9 (56.3) | 11 (28.9) |
| Chronic lung disease | 25 (46.3) | 7 (43.8) | 18 (47.4) |
| Tobacco use | 18 (33.3) | 4 (25.0) | 14 (36.8) |
| Prior solid organ transplantation | 7 (13.0) | 5 (31.3) | 2 (5.3) |
| PaO2/FiO2 | 69.0 (37.0–98.0) | 73.0 (37.0–98.0) | 68.5 (39.0–97.0) |
| Pre‐cannulation treatment | |||
| Remdesivir | 30 (55.6) | 11 (68.8) | 19 (50.0) |
| Steroids | 43 (79.6) | 14 (87.5) | 29 (76.3) |
| Antibiotics | 34 (63.0) | 7 (43.8) | 26 (68.4) |
| Tocilizumab | 18 (33.3) | 2 (12.5) | 16 (42.1) |
| Proning | 50 (92.6) | 13 (81.3) | 37 (97.4) |
| Paralytics | 21 (38.9) | 8 (50.0) | 13 (34.2) |
| Convalescent plasma | 38 (70.4) | 12 (75.0) | 26 (68.4) |
| Hydroxychloroquine | 10 (18.5) | 2 (12.5) | 8 (21.1) |
| Pulmonary vasodilators | 19 (35.2) | 6 (37.5) | 13 (34.2) |
| Transfer from referral center | 24 (44.4) | 9 (56.3) | 15 (39.5) |
| Days symptoms to admission | 7.0 (1.0–14.0) | 7.0 (3.0–14.0) | 7.0 (1.0–13.0) |
| Days admission to intubation | 4.5 (0.0–29.0) | 8.0 (0.0–29.0) | 3.0 (0.0–16.0) |
| Days admission to cannulation | 6.0 (0.0–20.0) | 7.5 (1.0–20.0) | 5.5 (0.0–19.0) |
| Days intubation to cannulation | 0.0 (0.0–8.0) | 0.5 (0.0–5.0) | 0.0 (0.0–8.0) |