T-cell therapy induces tumor stroma formation. A and B, Untreated or T-cell–treated intramuscular RH30_19 tumors were excised and stained with H&E, with central and right showing enlargements of the indicated boxed areas (A) or TriChrome stained to highlight collagen deposition (blue; B). Yellow arrows indicate regions of stroma/collagen deposition as opposed to the tumor–stromal interface in untreated mice (black arrows). C, Untreated or T-cell–treated RH30_19 tumors were stained with α-Luciferase (tumor), mouse α-CD11b, and α-F4/80. A phenotype map was created to indicate the identity of each cell within the field of view. Luciferase staining was used to determine tumor cells and create a mask of tumor and nontumor regions. Myeloid cells were counted within both regions (phenotype + mask) as demonstrated. The proportion of myeloid cells in untreated, T-cell–treated, or anti-FGFR4 CAR–treated mice is shown in the representative images and plotted to the right. D, The presence of tumor-associated macrophages was determined with immunofluorescence staining of CD206 along with CD11b and F4/80 in RH30_19 tumors excised from untreated, untransduced T-cell, or FGFR4 CAR T-cell–treated mice. E, CD4 and CD8 T cells localized to myeloid-rich regions as shown by immunofluorescent staining with CD4+CD8, CD11b, and F4/80 in RH30_19 tumor samples with the indicated treatments.