Table 1.
Characteristics of COVID‐19 patients who were treated in the intensive care unit (N = 168)
| Total N = 168 | Control (N = 35) | Remdesivir use, interval ≤9 days (N = 96) | Remdesivir use, interval 10+ days (N = 37) | p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sex, n (%) | |||||
| Female | 32 (19.0) | 5 (14.3) | 18 (18.8) | 9 (24.3) | 0.55 |
| Male | 136 (81.0) | 30 (85.7) | 78 (81.2) | 28 (75.7) | |
| Mean (SD), age (years) | 60.9 (13.5) | 63.9 (14.6) | 59.3 (13.4) | 62.4 (12.5) | 0.17 |
| Age (years), n (%) | |||||
| −39 | 9 (5.4) | 2 (5.7) | 6 (6.2) | 1 (2.7) | 0.34 |
| 40–64 | 87 (51.8) | 14 (40.0) | 55 (57.3) | 18 (48.6) | |
| 65+ | 72 (42.9) | 19 (54.3) | 35 (36.5) | 18 (48.6) | |
| Transferred from other hospitals, n (%) | 102 (60.7) | 22 (62.9) | 55 (57.3) | 25 (67.6) | 0.53 |
| Median (IQR) length of stay in the previous hospital (days) | 4 (2–7) | 4.5 (3–6) | 4 (2–6) | 5 (3–8) | 0.21 |
| BMI, n (%) | |||||
| Obese 30+ (kg/m2) | 29 (17.3) | 3 (8.6) | 20 (20.8) | 6 (16.2) | 0.25 |
| Comorbidities, n (%) | |||||
| Type 2 diabetes | 50 (29.8) | 19 (54.3) | 23 (24.0) | 8 (21.6) | 0.002* |
| Cardiovascular disease | 16 (9.5) | 10 (28.6) | 6 (6.2) | 0 (0.0) | <0.001* |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 12 (7.1) | 2 (5.7) | 8 (8.3) | 2 (5.4) | 0.79 |
| Chronic respiratory disease | 11 (6.5) | 5 (14.3) | 5 (5.2) | 1 (2.7) | 0.10 |
| Cancer | 11 (6.5) | 2 (5.7) | 7 (7.3) | 2 (5.4) | 0.90 |
| Median (IQR) number of comorbidities | 0 (0–1) | 1 (1–2) | 0* (0–1) | 0* (0–1) | <0.001* |
| Smoking status, n (%) | |||||
| Never | 59 (35.1) | 10 (28.6) | 36 (37.5) | 13 (35.1) | 0.53 |
| Current or past | 85 (50.6) | 18 (51.4) | 50 (52.1) | 17 (45.9) | |
| Missing | 24 (14.3) | 7 (20.0) | 10 (10.4) | 7 (18.9) | |
| Mean (SD) interval of onset to admission (days) | 8.3 (4.2) | 7.3 (5.2) | 7.2 (3.6) | 11.9* (2.2) | <0.001* |
| Date of admission, n (%) | |||||
| 1st–2nd wave (April– October/2020) | 48 (28.6) | 16 (45.7) | 17 (17.7) | 15 (40.5) | <0.001* |
| 3rd wave (November/2020–February/2021) | 37 (22.0) | 11 (31.4) | 20 (20.8) | 6 (16.2) | |
| 4th wave (March‐Jun/2021) | 36 (21.4) | 6 (17.1) | 26 (27.1) | 4 (10.8) | |
| 5th wave (July–November/2021) | 47 (28.0) | 2 (5.7) | 33 (34.4) | 12 (32.4) |
Note: Pearson's χ 2 test for categorical variables. ANOVA followed by Dunnett's test or Kruskal–Wallis test followed by Dunn's test (with the control group as the reference, respectively) for continuous variables.
Abbreviations: ANOVA, analysis of variance; BMI, body mass index; COVID‐19, coronavirus disease 2019; SD, standard deviation.
*
p < 0.05.