Table 2.
Radiological and laboratory findings of COVID‐19 patients who were treated in the intensive care unit (N = 168)
| Total (N = 168) | Control (N = 35) | Remdesivir use, interval ≤9 days (N = 96) | Remdesivir use, interval 10+ days (N = 37) | p Value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total opacity volume (%) tertiles, n (%) [Q1–3, each median (range)] | ||||||
| Q1: 19.6 (0.18–30.8) | 56 (33.3) | 15 (42.9) | 31 (32.3) | 10 (27.0) | 0.28 | |
| Q2: 43.6 (31.2–56.4) | 56 (33.3) | 8 (22.9) | 37 (38.5) | 11 (29.7) | ||
| Q3: 65.5 (56.5–94.4) | 56 (33.3) | 12 (34.3) | 28 (29.2) | 16 (43.2) | ||
| Laboratory data | ||||||
| WBC (×1000/μl), mean (SD) | 8.85 (4.69) | 9.92 (5.64) | 8.37 (4.60) | 9.10 (3.79) | 0.23 | |
| NLR, mean (SD) | 14.4 (15.2) | 17.0 (17.2) | 13.9 (15.3) | 13.4 (12.8) | 0.53 | |
| Hb (g/dl), mean (SD) | 13.7 (2.2) | 12.5 (2.4) | 14.2* (1.9) | 13.6* (2.0) | <0.001* | |
| <10 (g/dl), n (%) | 8 (4.8) | 5 (14.3) | 2 (2.1) | 1 (2.7) | 0.012* | |
| Plt (×10 000/μl), mean (SD) | 21.6 (9.7) | 19.8 (9.8) | 21.1 (9.7) | 24.8 (9.1) | 0.061 | |
| CRP (mg/L), mean (SD) | 11.00 (7.85) | 14.18 (9.03) | 9.68* (6.99) | 11.36 (8.07) | 0.013* | |
| 10+ (mg/L), n (%) | 79 (47.0) | 21 (60.0) | 39 (40.6) | 19 (51.4) | 0.12 | |
| Alb (g/dl), mean (SD) | 2.9 (0.5) | 2.6 (0.8) | 3.0* (0.4) | 2.8 (0.4) | 0.003* | |
| <3 (g/dl), n (%) | 99 (58.9) | 23 (65.7) | 52 (54.2) | 24 (64.9) | 0.35 | |
| LDH (U/L), median (IQR) | 442.5 (375.5–599) | 402 (308–482) | 479 (375.5–634.5) | 441 (387–578) | 0.076 | |
| AST (U/L), median (IQR) | 46 (32–63.5) | 36 (24–52) | 48* (38‐64) | 46 (35–60) | 0.047* | |
| ALT (U/L), median (IQR) | 37 (22–56.5) | 23 (14–49) | 38* (26.5–57.5) | 41* (26–57) | 0.023* | |
| 115+ (IU/L), n (%) | 11 (6.5) | 3 (8.6) | 5 (5.2) | 3 (8.1) | 0.72 | |
| eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m2), mean (SD) | 68.7 (32.4) | 39.6 (38.6) | 74.6* (24.0) | 80.7* (29.4) | <0.001* | |
| <30 (ml/min/1.73 m2), n (%) | 21 (12.5) | 18 (51.4) | 2 (2.1) | 1 (2.7) | <0.001* | |
| d‐dimer (μg/ml), median (IQR) | 1.62 (0.72–4.36) | 3.17 (1.3–8.1) | 1.15* (0.54–2.2) | 2.13 (0.93–6.01) | <0.001* | |
| 0.5 (μg/ml), n (%) | 141 (83.9) | 34 (97.1) | 74 (77.1) | 33 (89.2) | 0.013* | |
Note: Pearson's χ 2 test for categorical variables. ANOVA followed by Dunnett's test or Kruskal–Wallis test followed by Dunn's test (with the control group as the reference, respectively) for continuous variables.
Abbreviations: ANOVA, analysis of variance; Alb, albumin; ALT, alanine aminotransferase; AST, aspartate aminotransferase; COVID‐19, coronavirus disease 2019; Cre, creatinine; CRP, C‐reactive protein; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; Hb, hemoglobin; LDH, lactate dehydrogenase; NLR, neutrophil–lymphocyte ratio; Plt, platelets; SD, standard deviation; WBC, white blood cell.
*
p < 0.05.