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. 2022 Sep 23;16:988732. doi: 10.3389/fncel.2022.988732

FIGURE 5.

FIGURE 5

Valproate acid increases GABAergic synapses and the frequency of mIPSCs. (A,B) Western blot analysis and data summary show that the relative intensities of GAD67 (A) and VGAT (B) to GAPDH were significantly increased in VPA-reared tadpoles compared to Ctrl. GAD67, N = 6; VGAT, N = 6. N represents the number of independent experiments. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01. (C) Representative traces were showing the recordings of mIPSCs from Ctrl and VPA-treated animals. Scale bar = 10 pA, 0.1 s. (D–F) The data shows that the frequency of mIPSCs was significantly increased in VPA-reared tadpoles compared to control tadpoles (D). **p < 0.01. The cumulative probability plot shows that the inter-event-interval of mIPSCs was significantly decreased in VPA-treated tadpoles compared to ctrl (E). Kolmogorov–Smirnov test, **p < 0.01. The data shows that the amplitude of mIPSCs was not altered in VPA-reared tadpoles compared to control tadpoles (F). Ctrl, N = 24, n = 5; VPA, N = 24, n = 4. N represents the number of neurons and n represents the number of tadpoles.