Table 1.
Demographic characteristics and the level of resilience among patients with cervical spondylosis (n = 250).
| Variables | N (%) | Resilience | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mean (SD) | t/F | Cohen's d/η2 | p | ||
| Age | 0.704 | 0.113 | 0.482 | ||
| < 60 years | 205 (82.0) | 65.92 (15.92) | |||
| ≥60 years | 45 (18.0) | 64.04 (17.19) | |||
| Sex | 0.359 | 0.045 | 0.720 | ||
| Male | 121 (48.4) | 65.96 (16.32) | |||
| Female | 129 (51.6) | 65.22 (16.02) | |||
| Marriage | 10.515 | 0.114 | < 0.001 | ||
| Single | 65 (26.0) | 63.91 (16.94) | |||
| Married | 123 (49.2) | 70.54 (13.88) | |||
| Divorced | 41 (16.4) | 58.49 (16.07) | |||
| Widowed | 21 (8.4) | 55.57 (16.21) | |||
| BMI | 1.537 | 0.012 | 0.217 | ||
| < 18.5 | 21 (8.4) | 59.76 (14.19) | |||
| 18.5–23.9 | 130 (52.0) | 66.38 (15.66) | |||
| ≥24 | 99 (39.6) | 65.77 (17.01) | |||
| Education | 2.751 | 0.033 | 0.043 | ||
| Primary school | 17 (6.8) | 56.59 (14.23) | |||
| Junior high school | 84 (33.6) | 65.01 (16.62) | |||
| High school | 70 (28.0) | 65.11 (17.26) | |||
| Junior college or above | 79 (31.6) | 68.53 (14.33) | |||
| Job status | 11.007 | 0.118 | < 0.001 | ||
| Employee | 132 (52.8) | 69.32 (15.86) | |||
| Retirement | 41 (16.4) | 67.95 (15.82) | |||
| Unemployed | 18 (7.2) | 51.17 (9.92) | |||
| Other | 59 (23.6) | 59.97 (14.71) | |||
| Monthly income | −6.616 | −0.837 | < 0.001 | ||
| < 3,000 | 127 (50.8) | 59.44 (14.63) | |||
| ≥3,000 | 123 (49.2) | 71.92 (15.19) | |||
| Residence | 2.004 | 0.269 | 0.046 | ||
| Urban | 168 (67.2) | 67.00 (15.99) | |||
| Rural | 82 (32.8) | 62.67 (16.14) | |||
| Smoking | 0.852 | 0.108 | 0.395 | ||
| No | 128 (51.2) | 66.43 (14.99) | |||
| Yes | 122 (48.8) | 64.69 (17.28) | |||
| Drinking alcohol | 0.976 | 0.124 | 0.330 | ||
| No | 145 (58.0) | 66.43 (15.20) | |||
| Yes | 105 (42.0) | 64.41 (17.35) | |||
| Family history | 5.511 | 0.841 | < 0.001 | ||
| No | 194 (77.6) | 68.44 (15.34) | |||
| Yes | 56 (22.4) | 55.68 (14.99) | |||
| Medical payment type | −4.937 | −0.893 | < 0.001 | ||
| Insurance | 214 (85.6) | 67.56 (15.45) | |||
| Self-pay | 36 (14.4) | 53.83 (15.29) | |||
| Comorbid chronic disease (≥1) | 6.889 | 1.012 | < 0.001 | ||
| No | 191 (76.4) | 69.17 (14.63) | |||
| Yes | 59 (23.6) | 53.97 (15.39) |