Table 2.
Patients characteristics
| Characteristics of included patients | All patients (n = 248) | CPR patients (n = 161) | no CPR patients (n = 87) | CPR versus no CPR (OR [95% CI]) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years), median (IQR) | 70 (58–77) | 67 (57–77) | 72 (65–78) | p = 0.003 |
| Age > 60 years, n (%) | 179 (72.2) | 106 (65.8) | 73 (83.9) | OR: 0.37 [0.18–0.75]; p = 0.003 |
| Age > 70 years, n (%) | 123 (49.6) | 69 (42.9) | 54 (62.1) | OR: 0.46 [0.26–0.81]; p = 0.005 |
| BMI, median (IQR) | 26.8 (24.5–30.2) | 27.7 (24.8–30.9) | 25.3 (23.4–29.3) | p = 0.002 |
| Female gender, n (%) | 70 (28.2) | 39 (24.2) | 31 (35.6) | OR: 0.58 [0.31–1.06]; p = 0.076 |
| Known diabetes, n (%) | 56 (22.6) | 33 (20.5) | 23 (26.4) | OR: 0.72 [0.37–1.38]; p = 0.340 |
| Known hypertension, n (%) | 133 (53.6) | 78 (48.4) | 55 (63.2) | OR: 0.55 [0.31–0.96]; p = 0.033 |
| Known dyslipidemia, n (%) | 81 (32.7) | 48 (29.8) | 33 (37.9) | OR: 0.70 [0.39–1.25]; p = 0.204 |
| Known smoker/ex smoker, n (%) | 60 (24.2) | 35 (21.7) | 25 (28.7) | OR: 0.69 [0.36–1.31]; p = 0.277 |
| Known prior MI, n (%) | 45 (18.1) | 27 (16.8) | 18 (20.7) | OR: 0.77 [0.38–1.58]; p = 0.491 |
| Known prior PCI, n (%) | 51 (20.6) | 33 (20.5) | 18 (20.7) | OR: 0.99 [0.50–1.98]; p = 1 |
| Etiology of CS, n (%) | ||||
| Acute MI | 175 (70.6) | 109 (67.7) | 66 (75.9) | OR: 0.67 [0.35–1.25]; p = 0.192 |
| Others | 73 (29.4) | 52 (32.3) | 21 (24.1) | |
| Initial lactate (mmol/L), median (IQR) | 3.4 (1.7–6.2) | 4.5 (2.2–7.9) | 2.0 (1.2–4.4) | p = 0.004 |
| Initial pH value, median (IQR) | 7.28 (7.16–7.39) | 7.24 (7.13–7.34) | 7.37 (7.27–7.42) | p < 0.001 |
| Initial RRsyst. (mmHg), median (IQR) | 99 (80–115) | 99 (80–116) | 97 (82–112) | p = 0.660 |
| Intubated at arrival, I (%) | 159 (64.1) | 141 (87.6) | 18 (20.7) | OR: 27.03 [12.75–58.18]; p < 0.001 |
| Decision to implant MCS device, I (%) | 48 (19.4) | 24 (14.9) | 24 (27.6) | |
| Successful implantation, I (%) | 47 (97.9) | 24 (100) | 23 (95.8) | OR: 0.46 [0.23–0.91]; p = 0.019 |
| SOP for MCS use fulfilled, I (%) | 42 (87.5) | 20 (83.3) | 22 (91.7) | |
| Length of CCU stay (days), median (IQR) | 4 (2–9) | 5 (1–12) | 4 (2–8) | p = 0.244 |
| Length of CCU stay after surviving Day 1 (days), median (IQR) | 5 (3–12) | 7 (3–16) | 4 (3–8) | p = 0.013 |
| Length of hospital stay (days), median (IQR) | 9 (2–19) | 7 (1–19) | 10 (6–16) | p = 0.372 |
| Respirator duration (days), median (IQR) | 2 (0–7) | 3 (0–7) | 0 (0–3) | p = 0.010 |
| Bleeding event, n (%) | 24 (9.7) | 17 (11.8) | 9 (10.3) | OR: 1.17 [0.45–3.10]; p = 0.827 |
| Intrahospital mortality, n (%) | 125 (50.4) | 94 (58.4) | 31 (35.6) | OR: 2.53 [1.43–4.51]; p = 0.001 |
Abbreviations: CCU, cardiac care unit; CI, confidence interval; CPR, cardiopulmonary resuscitation; CS, cardiogenic shock; IQR, interquartile range; MCS, mechanical circulatory support; MI, myocardial infarction; OR, odds ratio; PCI, percutaneous coronary intervention.