TABLE 1.
Group comparisons for all measures total and subscale scores
Measure | t | p | Cohen's d a | 95% CI | Measure | t | p | Cohen's d a | 95% CI | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lower | Upper | Lower | Upper | ||||||||
AQ‐10 | 10.07 | <0.001 | 1.81 | 1.40 | 2.21 | ISQ total | 3.47 | <0.001 | 0.62 | 0.26 | 0.98 |
RAADS‐14 total | 9.62 | <0.001 | 1.73 | 1.33 | 2.13 | IUS total | 3.44 | <0.001 | 0.62 | 0.26 | 0.98 |
RAADS‐14 mentalising deficit | 9.04 | <0.001 | 1.62 | 1.23 | 2.02 | GSQ gustatory hypo | 3.43 | <0.001 | 0.62 | 0.26 | 0.98 |
RBQ‐2A total | 8.95 | <0.001 | 1.61 | 1.21 | 2.00 | SWEAA purchase of food | 3.33 | 0.00 | 0.60 | 0.24 | 0.96 |
RAADS‐14 sensory reactivity | 8.59 | <0.001 | 1.54 | 1.15 | 1.93 | GSQ vestibular hyper | 3.14 | 0.00 | 0.56 | 0.21 | 0.92 |
GSQ auditory total | 8.51 | <0.001 | 1.53 | 1.14 | 1.92 | GSQ tactile hypo | 3.01 | 0.00 | 0.54 | 0.18 | 0.90 |
CAT‐Q compensation | 7.71 | <0.001 | 1.39 | 1.00 | 1.77 | SWEAA mealtime surroundings | 2.86 | 0.01 | 0.51 | 0.16 | 0.87 |
GSQ auditory hyper | 7.36 | <0.001 | 1.32 | 0.94 | 1.70 | SBS total | 2.57 | 0.01 | 0.46 | 0.11 | 0.82 |
RAADS‐14 social anxiety | 7.05 | <0.001 | 1.27 | 0.89 | 1.64 | SWEAA simultaneous capacity | 2.56 | 0.01 | 0.46 | 0.10 | 0.82 |
RBQ‐2A repetitive motor behaviours | 7.03 | <0.001 | 1.26 | 0.88 | 1.64 | SWEAA pica | 2.50 | 0.01 | 0.45 | 0.09 | 0.80 |
RBQ‐2A insistence sameness | 7.03 | <0.001 | 1.26 | 0.88 | 1.64 | IUS inhibitory anxiety | 2.42 | 0.02 | 0.43 | 0.08 | 0.79 |
GSQ auditory hypo | 6.82 | <0.001 | 1.23 | 0.85 | 1.60 | SPIN total | 2.38 | 0.02 | 0.43 | 0.07 | 0.78 |
TAS difficulty describing feelings | 6.75 | <0.001 | 1.21 | 0.84 | 1.59 | SWEAA social situation | 2.28 | 0.02 | 0.41 | 0.06 | 0.77 |
GSQ total | 6.75 | <0.001 | 1.21 | 0.83 | 1.59 | SWEAA eating behaviour | 1.65 | 0.10 | 0.30 | −0.06 | 0.65 |
GSQ total hyper | 6.71 | <0.001 | 1.21 | 0.83 | 1.58 | GSQ olfactory hypo | 1.54 | 0.13 | 0.28 | −0.08 | 0.63 |
TAS difficulty identifying feelings | 6.56 | <0.001 | 1.18 | 0.80 | 1.55 | HADS‐A | 1.28 | 0.20 | 0.23 | −0.12 | 0.58 |
GSQ vestibular hypo | 6.55 | <0.001 | 1.18 | 0.80 | 1.55 | CAT‐Q masking | 1.08 | 0.28 | 0.19 | −0.16 | 0.55 |
GSQ visual total | 6.51 | <0.001 | 1.17 | 0.79 | 1.54 | SWEAA hunger satiety | 0.92 | 0.36 | 0.17 | −0.19 | 0.52 |
TAS externally oriented thinking | 6.43 | <0.001 | 1.16 | 0.78 | 1.53 | HADS‐D | −0.14 | 0.89 | −0.03 | −0.38 | 0.33 |
CAT‐Q total | 6.25 | <0.001 | 1.12 | 0.75 | 1.50 | PEP‐S capturing others attention | −0.17 | 0.87 | −0.03 | −0.38 | 0.32 |
GSQ visual hyper | 6.18 | <0.001 | 1.11 | 0.74 | 1.48 | SWEAA other behaviour disturbed eating | −0.67 | 0.51 | −0.12 | −0.47 | 0.23 |
GSQ total hypo | 6.06 | <0.001 | 1.09 | 0.72 | 1.46 | PEP‐S healthy weight eating | −0.94 | 0.35 | −0.17 | −0.52 | 0.18 |
GSQ proprioception total | 5.85 | <0.001 | 1.05 | 0.68 | 1.42 | SATAQ internalisation athlete | −1.15 | 0.25 | −0.21 | −0.56 | 0.15 |
GSQ vestibular total | 5.64 | <0.001 | 1.01 | 0.64 | 1.38 | SCS total | −1.18 | 0.24 | −0.21 | −0.56 | 0.14 |
CAT‐Q assimilation | 5.54 | <0.001 | 1.00 | 0.63 | 1.36 | PEP‐S weight loss food control thinness | −1.23 | 0.22 | −0.22 | −0.57 | 0.13 |
GSQ proprioception hyper | 5.34 | <0.001 | 0.96 | 0.59 | 1.33 | PEP‐S total | −1.39 | 0.17 | −0.25 | −0.60 | 0.10 |
GSQ tactile hyper | 5.26 | <0.001 | 0.95 | 0.58 | 1.31 | BFNE total | −1.57 | 0.12 | −0.28 | −0.63 | 0.07 |
GSQ visual hypo | 5.21 | <0.001 | 0.94 | 0.57 | 1.30 | PEP‐S outperforming others social | −1.65 | 0.10 | −0.30 | −0.65 | 0.06 |
GSQ tactile total | 4.93 | <0.001 | 0.89 | 0.52 | 1.25 | SATAQ pressures | −2.00 | 0.05 | −0.36 | −0.71 | −0.01 |
GSQ proprioception hypo | 4.81 | <0.001 | 0.86 | 0.50 | 1.23 | EDE‐Q restraint | −2.05 | 0.04 | −0.37 | −0.72 | −0.01 |
GSQ olfactory hyper | 4.23 | <0.001 | 0.76 | 0.40 | 1.12 | EDE‐Q weight concerns | −2.08 | 0.04 | −0.37 | −0.73 | −0.02 |
SWEAA perception | 4.12 | <0.001 | 0.74 | 0.38 | 1.10 | SATAQ information | −2.25 | 0.03 | −0.40 | −0.76 | −0.05 |
GSQ gustatory total | 4.11 | <0.001 | 0.74 | 0.38 | 1.10 | EDE‐Q eating concerns | −2.34 | 0.02 | −0.42 | −0.78 | −0.07 |
TAS total | 4.06 | <0.001 | 0.73 | 0.37 | 1.09 | SATAQ internalisation general | −2.36 | 0.02 | −0.42 | −0.78 | −0.07 |
IUS prospective anxiety | 4.04 | <0.001 | 0.73 | 0.36 | 1.09 | SATAQ total | −2.40 | 0.02 | −0.43 | −0.79 | −0.08 |
GSQ olfactory total | 3.86 | <0.001 | 0.69 | 0.33 | 1.05 | BSQ total | −2.45 | 0.02 | −0.44 | −0.80 | −0.08 |
SWEAA motor control | 3.78 | <0.001 | 0.68 | 0.32 | 1.04 | EDE‐Q global score | −2.66 | 0.01 | −0.48 | −0.83 | −0.12 |
GSQ gustatory hyper | 3.70 | <0.001 | 0.67 | 0.31 | 1.02 | EDE‐Q shape concerns | −2.71 | 0.01 | −0.49 | −0.84 | −0.13 |
SWEAA total | 3.57 | <0.001 | 0.64 | 0.28 | 1.00 |
Abbreviations: AQ‐10, Autism Spectrum Quotient; BFNE, Brief Fear of Negative Evaluation; BSQ, Body Shape Questionnaire; CAT‐Q, Camouflaging Autistic Traits Questionnaire; EDEQ, Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire; GSQ, Glasgow Sensory Questionnaire; HADS, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; ISQ, Interoception Sensory Questionnaire; IUS, Intolerance of Uncertainty Scale; PEP‐S, Pride in Eating Pathology Scale; RAADS‐14, Ritvo Autism Asperger Diagnostic Scale‐Revised; RBQ‐2A, Adult Repetitive Behaviours Questionnaire‐2; SATAQ, Sociocultural Attitudes Towards Appearance Questionnaire‐3; SBS, Submissive Behaviour Scale; SCS, Self‐Compassion Scales; SPIN, Social Phobia Inventory; SWEAA, Swedish Eating Assessment for Autism Spectrum Disorders; TAS, Toronto Alexithymia Scale.
A positive result on the Cohen's D indicates a higher score in the autistic group, a negative score indicates a higher score in the non‐autistic group.