TABLE 2.
Maternal telomere length (T/S ratio) in association with the risk of congenital outflow defects (COD) (A) or ventricular septal defect (VSD) (B) in offspring
| A. Risk of COD | Cases/controls (n = 306/424) | Crude OR (95% CI) | p‐value | OR (95% CI) a | p‐value | OR (95% CI) b | p‐value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total study group | 306/424 | 1.10 (0.95–1.27) | .22 | 1.07 (0.92–1.24) | .37 | 1.07 (0.92–1.24) | .40 |
| Syndromal | 42/424 | 1.15 (0.84–1.58) | .39 | 1.07 (0.79–1.48) | .65 | 1.04 (0.75–1.44) | .82 |
| Non syndromal | 261/424 | 1.09 (0.93–1.27) | .28 | 1.07 (0.92–1.25) | .39 | 1.07 (0.92–1.26) | .38 |
| B. Risk of VSD | Cases/controls (n = 113/424) | Crude OR (95% CI) | p‐value | OR (95% CI) a | p‐value | OR (95% CI) b | p‐value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total study group | 113/424 | 1.29 (1.04–1.61) | .02 | 1.25 (1.01–1.55) | .047 | 1.24 (1.00–1.55) | .05 |
| Syndromal | 30/424 | 1.28 (0.88–1.89) | .20 | 1.19 (0.82–1.76) | .36 | 1.13 (0.77–1.69) | .54 |
| Non syndromal | 83/424 | 1.29 (1.02–1.66) | .04 | 1.26 (0.99–1.62) | .06 | 1.28 (1.00 −1.64) | .05 |
CI, confidence interval of COD or VSD risk per standard deviation (SD) decrease in maternal T/S ratio. OR for decrease in risk per SD showed as 1/OR, one SD maternal T/S ratio = 0.163. Telomere length (T/S ratio) measured at approximately 16 months after the index pregnancy.
Abbreviation: OR, odds ratio.
a
Risk estimates adjusted for maternal age.
b
Risk estimates adjusted for maternal age, maternal body‐mass‐index, ethnicity, education and use of alcohol or smoking during pregnancy.