. 2022 Jun 7;23(9):e13462. doi: 10.1111/obr.13462

TABLE 2.

Summary of findings and certainty of evidence

Outcome	Summary of findings		Certainty of evidence
Outcome	No. of participants (no. of trials)	Mean difference (95% CI)	Risk of bias ^a	Publication bias ^b	Imprecision ^c	Inconsistency ^d	Certainty of evidence (GRADE score)
Body weight (kg)	697 (10)	−4.1 kg (−5.9 to −2.4)	□	□	□	■	⊕ ⊕ ⊕ ◯	Moderate
BMI (kg/m²)	780 (10)	−1.38 kg/m² (−1.96 to −0.80)	□	□	□	■	⊕ ⊕ ⊕ ◯	Moderate
HbA_1c (%)	687 (9)	−0.18 percentage points (−0.29 to −0.07)	□	□	■	□	⊕ ⊕ ⊕ ◯	Moderate
Systolic blood pressure (mmHg)	466 (8)	1.28 mmHg (−1.54 to 4.11)	□	□	■	□	⊕ ⊕ ⊕ ◯	Moderate
Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg)	466 (8)	0.54 mmHg (−1.21 to 2.29)	□	□	■	□	⊕ ⊕ ⊕ ◯	Moderate
Total cholesterol (mmol/L)	605 (8)	−0.30 mmol/mol (−0.52 to −0.08)	□	□	■	■	⊕ ⊕ ◯ ◯	Low
LDL‐C (mmol/L)	684 (8)	−0.24 mmol/mol (−0.40 to −0.07)	□	□	■	■	⊕ ⊕ ◯ ◯	Low
HDL‐C (mmol/L)	698 (9)	−0.06 mmol/mol (−0.12 to 0.01)	□	□	■	■	⊕ ⊕ ◯ ◯	Low
Triglycerides (mmol/L)	698 (9)	0.11 mmol/mol (−0.08 to 0.29)	□	□	■	■	⊕ ⊕ ◯ ◯	Low

Note: See further explanation in Supporting Information file 2.

Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; GRADE, Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations; HbA_1c, glycated hemoglobin; HDL‐C, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol; LDL‐C, low‐density lipoprotein cholesterol.

^{^a}

Downgraded by one level if >25% of participants were from studies at high risk of bias.

^{^b}

Downgraded by one level if a funnel plot suggested the presence of publication bias, or if more than 25% of participants were from small studies.

^{^c}

Downgraded by one level if very wide confidence intervals or if small effect, no effect, or small worsening were observed.

^{^d}

Downgraded by one level if dissimilarity in point estimates and confidence intervals were observed and heterogeneity (I ²) > 50%.