TABLE 1.
Abbreviations
| Abbreviation | Meaning |
|---|---|
| AAP | American Academy of Pediatrics |
| ASD | Autism spectrum disorder |
| BNAS | Brazelton Neonatal Assessment Scale |
| EMBASE | Excerpta Medica database |
| EMLA | Eutectic mixture of local anesthetics (lidocaine 2.5% and prilocaine 2.5%) |
| IIEF | International Index of Erectile Function |
| NICU | Neonatal intensive care unit |
| NMC | Neonatal male circumcision |
| NSHD | National Survey of Health and Development |
| PRISMA | Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses |
| PROSPERO | International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews |
| RCT | Randomized controlled trial |
| SIDS | Sudden infant death syndrome |
| SIGN | Scottish Intercollegiate Guidelines Network system |