Maternal parameters for dams (gestational day [GD] 6–20). Food and water were monitored every 48 h in normoxic control, normoxic melatonin, hypoxic control, and hypoxic melatonin treated dams (A, B). Maternal weight was measured at GD 6 and 20, and the weights were used to calculate weight gain (C). Litter size was measured following euthanasia at GD 20 (D). n = 9 (NC), 11 (NM), 11 (HC), 8 (HM). For food intake, #Significant difference between NM and HC, ¥significant difference between NM and HM (p < .05). **p < .01 to represent significant effects of hypoxia. Significance was assessed using a two‐way ANOVA. Error bars show mean ± SEM. ANOVA, analysis of variance; GD, gestational day; HC, hypoxia control; HM, hypoxia melatonin; NC, normoxia control; NM, normoxia melatonin.