Table 1.
Demographic and clinical variables associated with END
| No END n=134 | All END n=34 | P | ENDi n=23 | P | ENDh n=11 | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| A. Patient history | |||||||
| 1. Age | 60±12.5 | 65±12.9 | 0.07 | 63±12 | 0.39 | 67±13 | 0.08 |
| 2. Sex (Male) | 90 (67) | 24 (71) | 0.70 | 17 (74) | 0.52 | 7 (64) | 0.81 |
| 3. Hypertension | 68 (51) | 22 (65) | 0.14 | 16 (70) | 0.09 | 6 (55) | 0.80 |
| 4. Diabetes mellitus | 35 (26) | 16 (47) | 0.02* | 9 (39) | 0.19 | 7 (64) | 0.01* |
| 5. Hyperlipidemia | 37 (28) | 14 (41) | 0.12 | 10 (43) | 0.12 | 4 (36) | 0.53 |
| 6. Cardiac disease | 19 (14) | 8 (24) | 0.18 | 5 (22) | 0.35 | 3 (27) | 0.24 |
| 7. Previous ischemic stroke/TIA | 7 (5) | 7 (21) | 0.004* | 5 (22) | 0.01* | 2 (18) | 0.08 |
| 8. Atrial fibrillation | 16 (12) | 4 (12) | 0.97 | 2 (8.7) | 0.65 | 2 (18) | 0.54 |
| 9. Smoking | 41 (31) | 14 (41) | 0.24 | 9 (39) | 0.41 | 5 (45) | 0.30 |
| B. Pretreatment characteristics | |||||||
| 1. NIHSS (IQR) | 10 (6,13) | 12 (9,15) | 0.98 | 12 (10,15) | 0.25 | 13 (10,16) | 0.91 |
| 2. Blood glucose at presentation (mg/dl) | 139±45 | 168±61 | 0.002* | 167±59 | 0.02* | 169±66 | 0.04* |
| 3. Systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 158±32 | 170±38 | 0.04* | 164±35 | 0.39 | 185±41 | 0.01* |
| 4. Diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 90±15.4 | 101±25 | 0.002* | 94±17 | 0.28 | 117±33 | <.001† |
| 5. Intravenous antihypertensive before thrombolysis | 44 (33) | 16 (47) | 0.12 | 8 (35) | 0.85 | 8 (73) | 0.01* |
| 6. Onset-to-needle time (minutes) | 203±46 | 212±41 | 0.33 | 207±42 | 0.69 | 220±41 | 0.22 |
| 7. Door-to-needle time (minutes) | 70±32 | 77±24 | 0.42 | 68±23 | 0.41 | 89±29 | 0.04* |
| 8. Proximal Occlusion | 31 (23) | 24 (71) | <.001† | 16 (70) | <.001† | 8 (73) | <.001† |
| 9. Internal Carotid artery occlusion | 9 (7) | 8 (24) | 0.004* | 7 (30) | <.001† | 1 (9) | 0.76 |
| 10. CT ASPECTS ≤7 | 24 (14) | 8 (24) | 0.45 | 6 (26) | 0.35 | 2 (18) | 0.97 |
| 11. NIHSS-ASPECTS dissociation | 30 (22) | 14 (41) | 0.03* | 8 (35) | 0.69 | 6 (55) | 0.02* |
| C.TOAST classification | |||||||
| 1. Large artery atherosclerosis | 48 (36) | 22 (65) | 0.002* | 16 (70) | 0.002* | 6 (55) | 0.21 |
| 2. Cardioembolic | 18 (13) | 6 (18) | 0.30 | 4 (17) | 0.61 | 2 (18) | 0.66 |
| 3. Small vessel disease | 37 (28) | 5 (15) | 0.12 | 3 (13) | 0.13 | 2 (18) | 0.49 |
| D. Outcome | |||||||
| 1. Length of stay <5 days | 65 (49) | 1 (3) | <.001† | 1 (4) | <.001† | 0 | <.001† |
| 2. In-hospital mortality | 2 (1.5) | 9 (26) | <.001† | 6 (26) | 0.001* | 3 (27) | 0.002† |
| 3. mRS at 3 months (poor) | 46 (34) | 30 (88) | <.001† | 21 (91) | <.001† | 9 (82) | <.001† |
Numbers in brackets are percentages. *P<0.05, †P<0.001