FIGURE 1.

Five potential Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) filtering options (loci removed indicated by grey crosses). In the case of “no filter”, no loci are removed, even if they exhibit departures from HWE. In the case of “out all”, loci are removed if they exhibit departures from HWE in all sampling locations. “Out some” can be considered a subset of “out all”, where loci are removed if they are out of HWE in a certain proportion of populations. In “out within”, loci are removed only from the populations in which they depart from HWE. In “out any”, loci are removed if they exhibit departures from HWE in any of the sampling locations and, finally, in “out combo”, loci are removed if they exhibit HWE departures when sampling locations are grouped together