. 2022 Jul 5;146(3):304–317. doi: 10.1111/ane.13667

TABLE 4.

Motor measurement values of lower limbs motility in healthy control subjects and in PD patients

Movement	Motor parameter	Group	Right							Left
Movement	Motor parameter	Group	N	Mean	SD	Min.	Max.	Effect size (d)	p (adjusted)	N	Mean	SD	Min.	Max.	Effect size (d)	p (adjusted)
Lower limb agility‐heel tapping (HEHE)	HE_Peak	C	50	143.9	75.9	32.3	339.0	1.9 ^a	<.00001^*	50	134.2	71.8	25.6	365.0	1.8 ^a	<.00001^*
	HE_Peak	P	46	29.2	35.6	1.2	132.5	1.9 ^a	<.00001^*	42	28.2	38.6	0.4	164.9	1.8 ^a	<.00001^*
	HE_Power	C	50	77.0	25.6	27.4	128.6	2.4 ^a	<.00001^*	50	77.0	25.1	27.0	143.4	2.4 ^a	<.00001^*
	HE_Power	P	46	18.2	23.4	1.4	118.1	2.4 ^a	<.00001^*	42	18.5	23.9	0.5	91.1	2.4 ^a	<.00001^*
	HE_IAV	C	50	143.7	25.0	108.9	212.3	1.7 ^a	<.00001^*	50	141.7	20.5	109.3	201.5	1.9 ^a	<.00001^*
	HE_IAV	P	46	107.4	18.0	87.9	197.6	1.7 ^a	<.00001^*	42	108.7	13.1	90.5	152.0	1.9 ^a	<.00001^*
Toe tapping heel pin (TTHP)	TT_Taps	C	50	36.7	7.2	17.0	50.0	0.7	.0029^*	50	33.3	7.1	17.5	47.5	0.7	.0063^*
	TT_Taps	P	46	31.7	7.5	15.5	49.0	0.7	.0029^*	42	28.3	8.1	10.0	50.0	0.7	.0063^*
	TT_Exc	C	50	8.5	3.7	2.0	16.8	0.1	.6230	50	10.7	4.3	3.4	20.7	0.5	.0423^*
	TT_Exc	P	46	8.1	3.7	1.9	21.7	0.1	.6230	42	8.7	4.1	2.0	18.7	0.5	.0423^*
	TT_IAV	C	50	111.2	4.3	100.8	119.8	1.3 ^a	<.00001^*	50	108.6	3.3	98.8	115.9	1.2 ^a	.00002^*
	TT_IAV	P	46	101.1	10.1	83.1	117.2	1.3 ^a	<.00001^*	42	100.1	10.3	75.1	115.7	1.2 ^a	.00002^*
Heel tapping—toe pin (HTTP)	HH_Taps	C	50	38.9	5.5	28.5	49.5	0.9 ^a	.00009^*	50	36.5	5.7	26.5	53.5	1.0 ^a	.00003^*
	HH_Taps	P	46	33.0	7.4	13.5	51.0	0.9 ^a	.00009^*	42	29.2	8.3	8.5	48.0	1.0 ^a	.00003^*
	HH_Exc	C	50	9.9	4.9	2.2	24.7	0.6	.0090^*	50	11.6	5.6	2.1	25.3	0.8 ^b	.0005^*
	HH_Exc	P	46	7.3	4.2	2.1	18.6	0.6	.0090^*	42	7.5	4.7	2.1	19.4	0.8 ^b	.0005^*
	HH_IAV	C	50	112.4	3.0	104.3	120.6	1.5 ^a	<.00001^*	50	110.9	3.2	104.9	117.7	1.0 ^a	.00006^*
	HH_IAV	P	46	105.7	5.7	92.6	114.9	1.5 ^a	<.00001^*	42	105.6	6.8	72.2	112.7	1.0 ^a	.00006^*
Heel–toe tapping (HETO)	HT_Taps	C	50	16.5	4.1	11.0	32.0	0.9 ^b	.00008^*	50	15.2	3.6	10.5	30.5	0.6	.0056^*
	HT_Taps	P	46	13.1	3.6	5.5	23.5	0.9 ^b	.00008^*	42	13.2	2.9	6.0	22.0	0.6	.0056^*
	HT_freqH	C	50	1.7	0.4	1.2	3.3	0.8 ^b	.0001^*	50	1.6	0.4	1.1	3.1	0.6	.0221^*
	HT_freqH	P	46	1.4	0.4	0.6	2.4	0.8 ^b	.0001^*	42	1.4	0.3	0.6	2.4	0.6	.0221^*
	HT_freqT	C	50	1.7	0.4	1.1	3.3	0.8 ^b	.0001^*	50	1.6	0.4	1.1	3.1	0.6	.0147^*
	HT_freqT	P	46	1.4	0.4	0.6	2.4	0.8 ^b	.0001^*	42	1.4	0.3	0.6	2.4	0.6	.0147^*
	HT_ExcT	C	50	33.1	11.8	3.8	71.7	0.8 ^a	.0001^*	50	37.0	10.8	7.9	65.2	1.5 ^a	<.00001^*
	HT_ExcT	P	46	23.6	10.5	9.0	50.8	0.8 ^a	.0001^*	42	21.1	10.2	4.6	46.5	1.5 ^a	<.00001^*
	HT_ExcH	C	50	32.9	11.9	3.4	73.2	0.8 ^a	.0002^*	50	37.0	10.7	7.8	65.3	1.5 ^a	<.00001^*
	HT_ExcH	P	46	23.4	10.6	8.2	49.6	0.8 ^a	.0002^*	42	21.5	9.8	4.8	45.7	1.5 ^a	<.00001^*
	HT_IAV	C	50	103.8	3.7	96.4	112.1	1.1 ^a	<.00001^*	50	101.4	3.7	90.1	108.3	1.0 ^a	.0001^*
	HT_IAV	P	46	95.8	9.4	70.3	108.3	1.1 ^a	<.00001^*	42	95.7	7.6	73.9	107.4	1.0 ^a	.0001^*

Note: Statistical significance between the two groups investigated (p adjusted) and discriminant capacity (effect size). C: control group; P: PD patients group; Effect size: Cohen d.

^{^a}

Cohen d > 0.8 bilaterally.

^{^b}

Cohen d > 0.8 unilaterally.

p < .05.

Abbreviations: PD, Parkinson's disease; SD, standard deviation.