Table 1.
Patient characteristics
| Measurement | “Classic” NFHG |
“Discordant” NFLG |
“Paradoxical” pLFLG |
p value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 27) | (n = 27) | (n = 27) | ||
| Clinical characteristics | ||||
| Age, y | 80 ± 9 | 81 ± 9 | 82 ± 14 | 0.73 |
| Gender, male | 15 (56%) | 13 (48%) | 16 (59%) | 0.71 |
| BSA, m2 | 1.9 (1.7-2.0) | 1.7 (1.6-1.9) | 1.9 (1.6-2.0) | 0.15 |
| BMI, kg/m2 | 26 ± 5 | 26 ± 5 | 28 ± 11 | 0.65 |
| Echocardiographic characteristics | ||||
| Aortic valve area, cm2 | 0.87 (0.72-0.91) | 0.80 (0.71-0.92) | 0.74 (0.65-0.86) | 0.13 |
| Aortic mean gradient, mmHg | 45 (41-55)†,‡ | 34 (28-37)∗ | 31 (23-35)∗ | <0.01 |
| LV stroke volume index, mL/m2 | 50 ± 11†,‡ | 42 ± 6∗,‡ | 30 ± 6∗,† | <0.01 |
| LV ejection fraction, % | 69 ± 8† | 64 ± 9∗ | 64 ± 8 | 0.03 |
| Mitral regurgitation, % >moderate | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 1.0 |
| Tricuspid regurgitation, % >moderate | 0 (0.0%) | 1 (3.7%) | 2 (7.4%) | 0.35 |
| Aortic regurgitation, % >moderate | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | 1.0 |
| PASP, mmHg | 33 (26-43) | 33 (22-42) | 39 (31-48) | 0.25 |
Notes. Normal continuous variables are reported as mean ± standard deviation while non-normal variables are reported as median with first and third quartiles (Q1 and Q3, respectively). Categorical variables are reported as number (percentage).
BMI = body mass index, BSA = body surface area; LV = left ventricular, NFHG AS = normal-flow high-gradient aortic stenosis, NFLG AS = normal-flow low-gradient aortic stenosis, PASP = pulmonary artery systolic pressure, pLFLG AS = paradoxical low-flow low-gradient aortic stenosis.
∗
p < 0.05 Compared with NFHG AS.
†
p < 0.05 Compared with NFLG AS.
‡
p < 0.05 Compared with pLFLG AS.