Skip to main content
. 2021 May 3;99(8):e1274–e1280. doi: 10.1111/aos.14810

Table 1.

One‐year change of refraction and refractive components in the normal preschool children – Mean (SD).

Characteristic 3‐year‐old 4‐year‐old 5‐year‐old Total

anova

p value*

118 eyes 257 eyes 83 eyes 458 eyes
DS, 1st, D 1.43 (0.57) 1.44 (0.61) 1.42 (0.59) 1.43 (0.60) 0.957
DS, 2nd, D 1.45 (0.66) 1.45 (0.65) 1.47 (0.60) 1.46 (0.64) 0.983
ΔDS, D 0.03 (0.41) 0.01 (0.33) 0.05 (0.31) 0.02 (0.35) 0.758
p value † 0.429 0.507 0.230 0.167
DC, 1st, D −0.40 (0.39) −0.44 (0.41) −0.35 (0.35) −0.41 (0.40) 0.187
DC, 2nd, D −0.41 (0.46) −0.45 (0.42) −0.41 (0.38) −0.43 (0.43) 0.619
ΔDC, D 0 (0.33) −0.01 (0.33) −0.06 (0.35) −0.02 (0.33) 0.421
p value † 0.826 0.729 0.178 0.477
SE, 1st, D 1.22 (0.57) 1.22 (0.59) 1.25 (0.58) 1.23 (0.58) 0.938
SE, 2nd, D 1.25 (0.66) 1.23 (0.63) 1.26 (0.62) 1.24 (0.63) 0.909
ΔSE, D 0.02 (0.42) 0.01 (0.35) 0.02 (0.35) 0.01 (0.37) 0.934
p value † 0.484 0.634 0.602 0.342
AL, 1st, mm 21.99 (0.67) 22.24 (0.71) 22.31 (0.60) 22.19 (0.69) 0.001
AL, 2nd, mm 22.30 (0.69) 22.51 (0.73) 22.55 (0.61) 22.46 (0.71) 0.012
ΔAL, mm 0.30 (0.11) 0.27 (0.10) 0.24 (0.09) 0.27 (0.10) <0.001
p value † <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001
CR, 1st, mm 7.82 (0.27) 7.84 (0.28) 7.84 (0.26) 7.84 (0.27) 0.767
CR, 2nd, mm 7.81 (0.27) 7.84 (0.28) 7.84 (0.26) 7.83 (0.27) 0.678
ΔCR, mm −0.01 (0.04) 0 (0.04) 0 (0.04) 0 (0.04) 0.589
p value † 0.117 0.369 0.961 0.128
LPPP, 1st, D 18.57 (0.98) 17.86 (1.08) 17.64 (0.94) 18 (1.09) <0.001
LPPP, 2nd, D 17.48 (0.83) 16.96 (1.04) 16.84 (0.96) 17.07 (1.00) <0.001
ΔLPPP, D −1.09 (0.52) −0.90 (0.46) −0.79 (0.49) −0.93 (0.49) <0.001
p value † <0.001 <0.001 <0.001 <0.001

AL = axial length; CR = corneal curvature radius; DC = dioptres of cylinder; DS = dioptres of sphere; LPPP = lens power; SD = standard deviation; SE = spherical equivalent;.

*

One‐way anova was used in the analyses.

†

Wilcoxon signed‐rank test was used in the analyses.