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. 2022 Aug 4;30(9):1818–1830. doi: 10.1002/oby.23509

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© 2022 The Authors. Obesity published by Wiley Periodicals LLC on behalf of The Obesity Society (TOS).

This is an open access article under the terms of the http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ License, which permits use and distribution in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited, the use is non‐commercial and no modifications or adaptations are made.

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3T3‐L1 adipocytes express Acod1 and have attenuated inflammatory signaling with itaconate treatment. (A) Acod1 expression in LPS‐treated 3T3‐L1 adipocytes. (B) Structure of itaconate and cell‐permeable derivatives. (C) Cell proliferation of 3T3‐L1 adipocytes measured by MTT assay after adipocyte differentiation. (D) Photomicrograph of 3T3‐L1 cells before and after differentiation. (E) mRNA gene expression of MCP1, IL‐6, and Nqo1 from 3T3‐L1 adipocytes treated with LPS in the presence and absence of itaconate derivatives. (F) Acod1 expression in 3T3‐L1 adipocytes after 24 hours of palmitic acid (PA) treatment. (G) mRNA gene expression of inflammatory genes in 3T3‐L1 adipocytes treated with PA after 12 hours of pretreatment with DMI. n = 3–6 per group. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001 [Color figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com]