Fig. 1.

Difference in testes size (Hedges' d) between male alternative reproductive tactics in relation to (A) study variance, and (B) taxonomic group (top panel) and size measure (bottom panel). In (A), the dashed vertical line represents the meta‐analytic mean, and the dotted lines are the 95% pseudo‐confidence interval. In (B), points are scaled according to study variance (precision). In all panels, black points represent the meta‐analytic mean, and black bars show the 95% confidence interval. k = number of effect sizes for each category.