TABLE 1.
Study characteristics and patient demographics
| Study | Location | Trial registration | Comparison | N | Age range | Intervention duration | Follow‐up | Setting | HbA1c levels, % b | Diabetes duration, years b |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Castellanos (2021) 25 | United States | NCT03840278 | SH | 10 | 21‐74 | 24 h | 7 days | Outpatient | Range: 5.7‐10.6 | NR |
| Wilson (2020) 36 | United States | NCT03424044 | SH, PLGS | 23 | 21‐50 | 24 h | 76 hours | Outpatient (exercise) | 7.1 (0.9) | 16.7 (8.1) |
| Castle (2018) 26 | United States | NCT02862730 | SH, PLGS, SAP | 20 | 21‐45 | 24 h | 4 days | Outpatient (exercise) | 7.5 (0.9) | 20.2 (8.9) |
| Haidar (2017) 30 | Canada | NCT01966393 | SH, SAP | 23 | 19‐71 | 24 h | 60 hours | Outpatient | 7.5 (0.8) | 24.0 (15.0) |
| Haidar (2016) 31 | Canada | NCT01905020 | SH, SAP | 28 | ≥12 | Overnight | 6 nights | Outpatient | 7.5 (1.0) | 18.0 (12.0) |
| Haidar_a (2015) 29 | Canada | NCT02189694 | SH, CSII | 33 | 9‐17 | Overnight | 3 nights | Outpatient | 8.3 (0.8) | 7.5 (4.0) |
| Haidar_b (2015) 9 | Canada | NCT01754337 | SH, CSII | 30 | 12‐69 | 24 h | 24 hours | Outpatient (exercise) | 7.7 (1.0) | 16.0 (11.0) |
| Abitbol (2018) 22 | Canada | NCT02282254 | SH | 35 | ≥18 | Overnight | 12 hours | Inpatient | 7.7 (0.7) | 26.9 (16.1) |
| Haidar (2020) 32 | Canada | NCT02814123 | SH | 27 | ≥18 | 24 h | 24 hours | Inpatient | 7.8 (0.9) | 23.0 (14.0) |
| Haidar (2013) 28 | Canada | NCT01297946 | CSII | 15 | ≥18 | 15 h | 15 hours | Inpatient (exercise) | 7.9 (0.7) | 26.5 (14.8) |
| Russell_a (2014) 34 | United States | NCT01762059 | CSII/SAP | 20 | 21‐75 | 24 h | 5 days | Outpatient | 7.1 (0.8) | 24.0 (11.0) |
| Russell_b (2014) 34 | United States | NCT01833988 | CSII/SAP | 32 | 12‐20 | 24 h | 5 days | Outpatient | 8.2 (1.0) | 9.0 (5.0) |
| Russell (2016) 35 | United States | NCT02105324 | CSII/SAP | 19 | 6‐11 | 24 h | 5 days | Outpatient | 7.8 (0.8) | 5.0 (2.2) |
| Jacobs (2016) 33 | United States | NCT02241889 | SAP | 21 | 18‐45 | 22 h | 22 hours | Inpatient (exercise) | 7.5 (1.0) | 15.4 (9.5) |
| Blauw (2016) 24 | The Netherlands | NCT02160275 | CSII | 10 | 18‐75 | 24 h | 4 days | Outpatient | 7.7 (7.4‐8.0) a | 18.0 (14.8‐29.5) a |
| El‐Khatib (2017) 27 | United States | NCT02092220 | CSII/SAP | 39 | ≥18 | 24 h | 11 days | Outpatient | 7.7 (1.2) | 16.9 (9.6) |
| Blauw (2021) 23 | The Netherlands | NCT03858062 | CSII/SAP | 23 | ≥18 | 24 h | 14 days | Outpatient | 7.3 (7.1‐8.1) a | 23.0 (14.0‐34.5) a |
Abbreviations: CSII, continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion; N, number of participants; NR, not reported; PLGS, predictive low glucose suspend systems; SAP, sensor‐augmented pumps; SH, singlehormone artificial pancreas systems.
a
Data are median (interquartile range).
b
Data are mean (SD) unless otherwise indicated.