Table 3.

Saccharide antigens, carrier, linker/spacer of some of the glycoconjugate vaccine described in this manuscript.

Saccharide antigen	Carrier	Linker/spacer	Conjugation method	Ref
Man9GlcNAc2 at N322 V3 antigen	Three‐component self‐adjuvating immunogen: V3‐glycopeptide epitope; T‐helper peptide P30; TLR2 ligand		Amide coupling and copper‐catalyzed azide‐alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC)	[160]
Man9GlcNAc2 at N334 V3 antigen	Three‐component self‐adjuvating immunogen: V3 glycopeptide epitope; T‐helper peptide P30; TLR2 ligand		Amide coupling and copper‐catalyzed azide‐alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC)	[162]
Bi‐, tri, and tetra‐antennary complex‐type N‐Glycans	DT		Amide coupling and thiol‐maleimide chemistry	[165]
Man9GlcNAc2	Thiolated KLH		Amide coupling and thiol‐maleimide chemistry	[169]
Man9GlcNAc2	Outer Membrane Protein Complex (OMPC)		sSMCC (thiol‐maleimide and amine‐activated carboxylic acid chemistry)	[170]
Linear Man4	BSA		Thiourea linkage	[171]
Linear Man4 or Man9	Capsids of bacteriophage Qβ (QβK16M)		Copper‐catalyzed azide‐alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC)	[172]
Linear Man4 or Man9	CRM197		Amide coupling	[173]
Man9	CRM197		Copper‐catalyzed azide‐alkyne cycloaddition (CuAAC) and thiol‐ene chemistry	[174]
Linear Man4 and branched Man5 or Man2	AuNPs		Thiourea linkage	[175, 179]
Branched Man7 from bacterium Rhizobium radiobacter	BSA		Thiourea linkage	[176]
Branched Man3	COOH‐modified poly(styrene) (PS) NPs		Amide coupling	[178]