Table 1.

| List of 153 non-meteo-based thermal stress indicators identified in the systematic search. These are complex models requiring some or all the meteorological parameters (air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, and solar radiation) in addition to other information. Nomograms and other instruments were also considered non-meteo based indicators. The fourth column titled “Literature” cites the eligible article that was used to extract data for the present thermal stress indicator. Precise information regarding the original article of each thermal stress indicator can be found in the supplementary material.

ID		Thermal Stress Indicator	First Authors; Year	Literature	Reason for considered as non-meteo-based
					Parameter	Type
1		Acclimatization Thermal Strain Index	de Freitas; 2009	[19]
2		Adaptation Strain Index	Blazejcztk; 2014	[18,19]
3		Air Cooling Power	Mitchell; 1971	[19]
4		Air Diffusion performance Index	ASHRAE; 1989	[35]
5		Air Pressure Thermometer	Amonton; 1702	[36]
6		Air Thermometer	Dulong; 1815	[36]
7		Air Thermometer	Galileo; 1592	[36]
8		Apparatus for Thermal Expansion of Gasses	Gay-Lussac; 1802	[36]
9		Berkeley Comfort Model	Huizenga; 2001
10		Bioclimatic Contrast Index	Blazejczyk; 2011	[19]
11		Bioclimatic Distance Index	Mateeva; 2003	[19]
12		Bioclimatic Index	Olgyay; 1963	[37]
13		Black Sphere Actinograph	Poschmann; 1932	[19,38]
14		Body Temperature Index	Dayal; 1974	[19]
15		Body-atmosphere Energy Exchange Index	de Freitas; 1989	[19]
16		Classification of Weather in Moments	Rusanov; 1973	[19]
17		Climate Index	Becker; 2000	[19]
18		Closed Air Thermometer	Amonton; 1702	[36]
19		Climatic Heat	Hubac, 1989	[39]
20		Clothing Insulation	Mount;1982	[19]
21		Cold Strain Index	Moran; 1999	[19]
22		COMfort formulA (COMFA)	Brown; 1986
23		Comfort Chart	Mochida; 1979	[19]
24		Comfort Index	Terjung; 1966	[19,23,40]
25		Corrected Effective Temperature (basic)	Vernon; 1932	[19]
26		Corrected Effective Temperature (normal)	Vernon; 1932	[19]
27		Corrected Humid Operative Temperature	Horikoshi; 1985	[41]
28		Craig Index	Craig; 1950	[42]
29		Cumulative Discomfort Index	Tennenbaum; 1961	[43]
30		Cumulative Effective Temperature	Sohar; 1962	[22]
31		Cumulative Heat Strain Index	Frank; 1996	[19,44]
32		Cylinder	Brown;1986	[19]
33		Daily Weather Types	Lecha; 1998	[19,23]
34		Effective Draft Temperature	Koestel; 1955	[35]
35		Effective Heat Strain Index	Kamon;1981	[19]
36		Ellipsoid index	Blazejczyk; 1998	[19,23]
37		Equilibrating Columns	Dulong; 1802	[36]
38		Equilibrium Rectal Temperature	Givoni; 1972	[19]
39		Equivalent Uniform Temperature	Wray; 1980
40		Eupathescope	Dufton; 1929	[19,38]
41		Evans Scale	Evans; 1980	[18,19]
42		Exceedance	Borgeson; 2011
43		Facial Cooling Index	Tikuisis; 2002	[45]
44		Frigorimeter	Dorno; 1928	[19,38]
45		Globe Thermometer	Vernon; 1932	[46]
46		Grade of Heat Strain	Hubac; 1989	[19]
47		Heart Rate Index	Dayal; 1974	[19]
48		Heart Rate Index	Givoni; 1973	[19]
49		Heat Budget Index	de Freitas; 1985	[19]
50		Heat Strain Decision Aid Model	Cadarette; 1999	[19]
51		Heat Strain Index (corrected)	McKarns; 1966	[22]
52		Heat Strain Predictive Systems	Lustinec; 1965	[20]
53		Heat Stress Index	Watts; 2004	[19]
54		Heat Stress Prediction Model	Pandolf; 1986	[19]
55		Heat Tolerance Index	Hori; 1978	[19]
56		Heat Tolerance Limits	Vogt;1982	[19]
57		Heated Thermometer	Heberden; 1826	[47]
58		Heat Load	Blazejczyk; 1994	[48]
59		Humid Operative Temperature	Nishi; 1971	[19]
60		Hybrid Thermometer	Kircher; 1643	[36]
61		Hypso-barometer	Fahrenheit; 1724	[36]
62		Increment Temperature Equivalent to Radiation Load	Lee; 1964	[19]
63		Index of Clothing Required for Comfort	de Freitas; 1986	[19]
64		Index of Pathogenicity of Meteorological Environment	Latyshev; 1965	[19]
65		Index of Physiological Effect	Robinson; 1945	[19]
66		Index of Thermal Stress	Givoni; 1969	[19]
67		Index of Thermal Stress	Kondratyev; 1957	[19]
68		Integral Index of Cooling Conditions	Afanasieva; 2009	[19,49]
69		Integral Load Index	Matyukhin; 1987	[19]
70		Kata Thermometer	Hill; 1916	[19,50]
71		Mahani Climate Index / Mahoney Scale	Mahoney; 1967	[51]
72		Maximum Exposure Time	Brauner; 1995	[19]
73		Maximum Recommended Duration of Exercises	Young; 1979	[19]
74		Mean Equivalence Lines	Wenzel; 1978	[19]
75		MENEX model	Blazejczyk; 1994	[22]
76		Mercury Weight Thermometers	Dulong; 1815	[36]
77		Metal Man (thermal manikin)	Pedersen; 1948	[19]
78		Meteorological Health Index	Bogatkin; 2006	[19]
79		Modified Effective Temperature	Smith; 1952	[19]
80		Modified Physiological Equivalent Temperature	Lin; 2019	[52]
81		Munich Energy Balance Model	Hope; 1984	[22]
82		New Effective Temperature	Gagge; 1971	[19]
83		Outdoor Comfort Zone	Ahmed; 2003	[53]
84		Outdoor Neutral Temperature	Aroztegui; 1995	[54]
85		Outdoor Thermal Environment Index	Nagano; 2011	[19]
86		Optimum Summer Weather Index	Davis; 1968	[55]
87		Overheating Risk	Nicol; 2009	[22]
88		Overheating Risk	Robinson; 2008	[22]
89		Perceived Temperature	Jendritzky; 2000	[19]
90		Perceptual Hyperthermia Index	Gallagher; 2012	[19]
91		Physiological Equivalent Temperature	Mayer; 1987	[19]
92		Physiological Heat Exposure Limit	Chart; 1977	[19]
93		Physiological Index of Strain	Hall; 1960	[19]
94		Physiological Strain	Blazejczyk; 2005	[19]
95		Physiological Strain Index	Moran; 1998	[19]
96		Physiological Subjective Temperature	Blazejczyk; 2007	[19]
97		Predicted Effects of Heat Acclimatization	Givoni; 1973	[19]
98		Predicted Four-Hour Sweat Rate	McArdle; 1947	[19]
99		Predicted Heat Strain	Malchaire; 2001	[19]
100		Predicted Mean Vote—Fuzzy	Hamdi; 1999	[19]
101		Predicted Mean Vote—Indoors	Fanger; 1970	[19]
102		Predicted Mean Vote—Outdoors	Gagge; 1986	[19]
103		Predicted Mean Vote—Outdoors	Jendritzky; 1981	[19]
104		Predicted Percentage Dissatisfied	Index Fanger; 1970	[19]
105		Predicted Rectal Temperature	Givoni; 1972	[21]
106		Predicted Sweat Loss	Shapiro; 1982	[22]
107		Prescriptive Zone	Lind; 1970	[22]
108		Qs Index	Rublack; 1981	[19]
109		Quotient of Heat Stress	Hubac; 1989	[19]
110		Reference Index	Pulket; 1980	[19]
111		Relative Heat Strain	Lee; 1966	[19]
112		Required Clothing Insulation	Holmer; 1984	[19]
113		Required Sweat Rate	Vogt; 1981	[19]
114		Respiratory Heat Loss	Rusanov; 1989	[19]
115		Resultant Thermometer	Missenard; 1935	[38]
116		Santorio’s Thermometer	Santorio; 1612	[56]
117		Skin Temperature	Mehnert; 2000	[19]
118		Skin Temperature Energy Balance Index	de Freitas; 1985	[19]
119		Skin Wettedness	Gonzalez; 1978	[19,23]
120		Skin Wettedness	Kerslake; 1972	[22]
121		Spatial Synoptic Classification	Kalkstein; 1996	[19]
122		Standard Effective Temperature	Gonzalez; 1974	[19]
123		Standard Effective Temperature	Gagge; 1986	[21]
124		Standard Effective Temperature for Outdoors	Pickup; 2000	[19]
125		Still Shade Temperature	Burton; 1955	[19]
126		Subjective Temperature Index	Blazejczyk; 2005	[19]
127		Summer Severity Index	McLaughlin; 1977	[19]
128		Survival Time Outdoors in Extreme Cold	de Freitas; 1987	[19,23]
129		Temperature Load	cited by Kioka; 2006	[57]
130		Thermal Acceptance Ratio	Ionides; 1945	[19,23]
131		Thermal Balance	Rusanov; 1981	[19]
132		Thermal Discomfort	Gagge; 1986	[19]
133		Thermal Insulation of Clothing	Aizenshtat; 1964	[18,19]
134		Thermal Insulation of Clothing	Budyko; 1960	[19]
135		Thermal Insulation of Clothing	Rusanov; 1981	[19]
136		Thermal Insulation of Protective Clothing	Afanasieva; 1977	[19]
137		Thermal Sensation	Fountain; 1995	[54]
138		Thermal Sensation	Givoni; 2003	[19,23]
139		Thermal Sensation Index	Kiuchi; 2001	[57]
140		Thermal Strain Index	Lee; 1958	[19,23]
141		Thermal Work Limit	Brake; 2002	[19]
142		Thermal-Insulation Characteristics of Clothing	Kondraty; 1957	[19]
143		Thermo-Integrator	Winslow; 1935	[19,23]
144		Thermoscope	Hero; 40 AD	[36]
145		Thermoscope	Philo; 200 BC	[36]
146		Total Heat	Hubac, 1989	[39]
147		Total Thermal Stress	Auliciems; 1981	[19]
148		Tourism Climate Index	Mieczowski; 1985	[55]
149		Weather Stress Index	Kalkstein; 1986	[19]
150		Weather–Climate Contrasts	Rusanov; 1987	[19]
151		Wet Bulb Thermometer	Haldane; 1905	[58]
152		Wet Globe Thermometer	Botsford; 1971	[59]
153		Wind Effect Index	Terjung; 1966	[19,23,40]

Metabolic Rate

Elevation / Barometric Pressure

Skin Temperature

Clothing Insulation

Cloud Level

Duration of Effort

Long-wave Radiation

Acclimatization status

Heart Rate

Precipitation

No Environmental Data

Water Intake

Core Temperature

Covered Distance

Specialized Equipment

Sweat Rate / Water loss / Vapor Pressure at Skin Surface

Evaporative Heat Loss from Skin

Questionnaire

Delta Data (fluctuation throughout the time)

No Fitted Equation / Nomogram

average temperature over multiple measures