Figure 3.

Mitochondrial homeostasis and RA synoviocyte apoptosis and proliferation. This figure depicts mitochondrial homeostasis and synoviocyte apoptosis, proliferation, and invasion. Downregulation of DNM1L, AOPP, and miR-125-b expression and upregulation of TL1A expression in RA led to disruption of the mitochondrial homeostatic environment and increased release of the anti-apoptotic protein, Bax/Bcl-2, promoting the onset of synovial cell apoptosis. Meanwhile, oxidative phosphorylation in RA synoviocytes was weakened, and glycolysis was increased, forcing increased release of ATP from mitochondria and leading to increased proliferation and invasive activity of synoviocytes.