Table 3.
Psychological and physical heath pre-COVID-19 and during-COVID-19.
| Variable | Pre-COVID-19 (prior Form II interview, within 2 years of COVID-19) | During COVID-19 (Aug – Sept 2020) | Wilcoxon signed-rank test: Z (P-value) |
|---|---|---|---|
| SCI-QOL Resilience subscale t-score | Mean: 55.4; SD: 8.4 Median: 53.5; IQR: 17 |
Mean: 51.5; SD: 8.8 Median: 50.7; IQR: 14 |
2.57 (0.010)a |
| PHQ-9 | Mean: 2.3; SE: 3.1 Median: 1.0; IQR: 3 |
Mean: 4.2; SD: 4.3 Median: 3.5; IQR: 6 |
2.89 (0.004)a |
| Minimal depressive symptoms N (%) | 44 (86%) | 30 (58%) | |
| Mild symptoms | 6 (12%) | 13 (26%) | |
| Moderate symptoms | 1 (2%) | 5 (10%) | |
| Moderately-severe symptoms | 0 (0%) | 3 (6%) | |
| Severe symptoms | 0 (0%) | 0 (0%) | |
| SWLS | Mean: 17.8; SD: 6.0 Median: 18.0; IQR: 9 |
Mean: 17.2; SD: 6.6 Median: 17; IQR:12 |
0.175 (0.861) |
| GAD-7 | NA (not collected) | Mean: 3.3; SD: 4.6 Median: 1; IQR: 5 |
NA |
| None or minimal symptoms | 36 (71%) | ||
| Mild symptoms | 10 (20%) | ||
| Moderate symptoms | 3 (6%) | ||
| Severe symptoms | 2 (4%) | ||
| AUDIT-C | Mean: 1.2; SD: 1.8 Median: 0; IQR: 2 |
Mean: 1.3; SD: 1.8 Median: 0; IQR: 3 |
0.452 (0.651) |
| No problem | 49 (96%) | 48 (94%) | |
| Hazardous drinking or abuseb | 2 (4%) | 3 (6%) | |
| WHO-ASSIST 2c | |||
| Tobacco use | 8 (16%) | 6 (12%) | |
| Cannabis | 11 (22%) | 10 (20%) | |
| Sedatives | 2 (4%) | 3(6%) | |
| Opioids | 1(2%) | 4(8%) | |
| Other | 1(2%) | 1(2%) | |
| Pain severity | Mean: 5.0; SD: 3.0 Median: 6.0; IQR:3 |
Mean: 4.4; SD: 3.3 Median: 5.0; IQR:7 |
0.842 (0.400) |
| Pain interference with work or daily activities | Mean: 1.8; SD: 1.3 Median: 2; IQR: 2 |
Mean: 1.2; SD: 1.2 Median: 1; IQR: 2 |
3.10 (0.002)a |
| Perceived health status | Mean: 2.7; SD: 0.77 Median: 2; IQR: 1 |
Mean: 2.7; SD:1.0 Median: 3; IQR: 1 |
−0.102 (0.919) |
| Excellent | 4 (7.8%) | 6 (11.8%) | |
| Very good | 11 (21.6%) | 13 (25.5%) | |
| Good | 30 (58.8%) | 22 (43.1%) | |
| Fair | 6 (11.8%) | 8 (15.7%) | |
| Poor | 0 (0%) | 2 (3.9%) |
a
p < 0.05.
b
hazardous drinking: AUDIT-C score ≥ 4 for men, AUDIT-C score ≥ 3 for women.
c
Because reported prevalence and frequency of use was low, data are presented for the total number of people who endorsed any use ≥ 1 during the past 3 months.; Cocaine, amphetamines, inhalants, and hallucinogens were not reported as being used either before or during-COVID by any participants (0%), thus these substances were not listed in the table.