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. 2022 Feb 26;13(4):447–456. doi: 10.1002/jrsm.1552

TABLE 1.

Search filter categories 3

1st generation: non‐validated Designed subjectively and not tested for effectiveness against an independent set of relevant records (validation)
2nd generation: validated (subjective methods) Developed as 1st generation, but effectiveness is tested against an independent set of relevant records (known as a “gold standard”), resulting in a validated filter
3rd generation: validated (objective methods) Designed more objectively through various established methods, such as frequency analysis and logistic regression. The designed filter is then validated as in 2nd generation filters