FIG. 4.

Phenotype of transformants of P. chrysogenum E1 expressing phacA from A. nidulans, pahA from P. chrysogenum Wisconsin 54–1255, and pahA from P. chrysogenum NRRL 1951. The analysis was carried out with the untransformed strain E1 (diamonds), transformant T-49 (phacA, triangles), transformant T-50 (pahA from Wisconsin 54–1255, squares), and transformant T-93 (pahA from NRRL 1951, circles). (A) Penicillin G production and (B) PA consumption in penicillin fermentation conditions. Flask fermentations were carried out with daily additions of 1 g of PA per liter, measuring penicillin G production and PA consumption by HPLC at the time points indicated. Transformants T-49 and T-93 showed reduced penicillin G production and enhanced PA consumption. (C) PA oxidation test in liquid minimal medium with PA as the sole carbon source. Both T-49 and T-93 showed enhanced capacity to consume this compound. Vertical bars indicate standard deviations.