Table 1.
Effects of flooding and waterlogging on arbuscular mycorrhizal and ectomycorrhizal symbiosis reported in 16 studies
| Type of mycorrhiza | Species | Host (age) | Type of stressa (duration) | Effect | Reference | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Arbuscular | Diversispora spurca | Citrus junos (0.5 year) | W (37 days) | Less colonisation. Mycorrhization ameliorated effects of waterlogging on growth, RSA and antioxidant enzyme activities | Wu et al. (2013) | |
| Gigaspora margarita | Poncirus trifoliata (0.5 year) | W (3 months) | Reduced hyphal density and colonisation | Matsumura et al. (2008) | ||
|
Gigaspora margarita + G. rosea and Glomus intraradices + Entrophospora columbiana mixes |
Phaseolus vulgaris (2–7 weeks) |
F (4 weekly 8 h duration) | No effect | Sah et al. (2006) | ||
| Glomus intraradices | Citrus aurantium and Poncirus trifoliata x C. sinensis (0.5 year) | F (21 days) | Not affected | Hartmond et al. (1987) | ||
| Glomus intraradices | Citrus sinensis (1 year) | F (21 days) | 40% less colonisation | Hartmond et al. (1987) | ||
| Glomus intraradices + Entrophospora columbiana mix |
Phaseolus vulgaris (2–7 weeks) |
F (3 weekly 8‐h duration) | Increased colonisation | Sah et al. (2006) | ||
| Glomus mosseae | Medicago trunculata (2 weeks) | W (8 days) | Decrease of infection rate at saturate conditions | Reid & Bowen (1979) | ||
| Several species | Panicum hemitomon and Leersia hexandra | F |
Inhibition of colonisation with increasing water depth |
Miller (2000) | ||
| Ectomycorrhiza | Cenococcum geophilum | Quercus ilex (>70 years) | F (2 months) | Higher relative abundance in stream banks than in upper slopes | Corcobado et al. (2015) | |
| Thelephora terrestris, Laccaria laccata, Hebeloma crustuliniforme, Suillus flavidus and S. bovinus | Pinus sylvestris (7 weeks) | F (2 min–6h per day, 4 days a week) | First three species not sensitive, the last two highly sensitive | Stenström (1991) | ||
| Tuber aestivum | Quercus robur (0.5 year) | F (7–65 days) | Reduction of ectomycorrhizae in the upper zone, then in the lowest zone | Thomas (2021) | ||
| Several species | Populus deltoids and Salix nigra (0.5 year) | F (3 months) | Inhibition of colonisation in favour to AM symbiosis | Lodge (1989) | ||
| Several species | Alnus glutinosa and A. incana | W |
Dry plots harboured three times more unique species than temporarily waterlogged plots |
Tedersoo et al., (2009) | ||
| Several species | Liquidambar styraciflua, Quercus nuttallii, Q. phellos, and Q. lyrata | F | Temporal decline but recovery by the end of the growing season | Filer (1975) | ||
| Several species | Pinus densiflora (2–4 years) | F (6 months) | Less diversity and different composition in flooded area | Cho et al. (2021) | ||
| Several species | Pinus taeda (40 years) | F | Reduction on flat sites during wet periods | Lorio et al. (1972) | ||
| Several species | Salix viminalis (10 years) | F (days) | Decline in the abundance and species richness, only in hydrophobic EM | Barnes et al. (2018) | ||
a
Flooding (F; water standing above soil level) and waterlogging (W; only the soil is flooded).