FIGURE 1.

CST is weakly chemotactic. (A) Scheme showing set‐up of Gradientech migration assay. Two syringes filled with buffer ± chemoattractant were connected to the device (green) to create a flow (y‐direction) and perpendicular (x) cytokine gradient. The inset shows the migration of monocytes along with the flow and towards the chemoattractant. (B) Representative tracks of human monocytes showing the x‐ and y‐movement of individual cells upon exposure to the indicated buffer, 5 μM CST or 0.5 nM CCL2. (C) Quantification of panel B (N = 3). (D) Scheme showing set‐up of cremaster muscle imaging in mice to visualize phagocyte (monocytes and neutrophils) extravasation in vivo. (E) Phagocyte rolling velocity (top) and attachment (bottom) upon overflowing the muscle with buffer (control, gray), 0.5 nM MIP‐2 (blue) or 5 μM CST (black) for 90 minutes (imaged at T = 0, 30, 60, 90) (N = 3, two‐way ANOVA). (F) Representative images of granulocyte attachment over time (imaged at T = 0, 30, 60, 90 minutes) to the vessel wall upon only buffer, CXCL2, or CST stimulation as visualized with an antibody against Ly6G (green). *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001; ns: not significant