Table 2.

Summary of literature included in the review

	First author	Location of study	Year published	Sample size	Age (years)	Time from symptom onset to ED presentation (hours)	Time from initial surgical intervention to representation (years)
1	Johenning 8	Ohio, USA	1973	2	17	36	14
					16	–	1
2	Kossow 12	Florida, USA	1980	1	21	96	6
3	May 13	Bristol, UK	1980	2	10	Few	2
					15	2	1
4	McNellis 9	Pennsylvania, USA	1980	4	24	–	4
					16	–	0.58
					29	5	2
					16	–	0.75
5	Redman 14	Arkansas, USA	1980	1	16	36	1.5
6	Vorstman 15	Auckland, New Zealand	1982	1	15	Several	0.92
7	Naughton 16	Dublin, Ireland	1983	1	16	8	4
8	Thurston 17	Cambridge, UK	1983	5	26	48	11
					12	12	5
					28	120	16
					12	3	7
					15	3	0.83
9	Tawil 18	Mussouri, USA	1984	1	23	48	5
10	Kuntze 19	California, USA	1985	2	15	48	0.83
					17	16	4
11	Gillion 11	Tel Aviv, Israel	1986	2	15	3	2
					12	Several	0.5
12	Hulecki 20	Virginia, USA	1986	1	15	2	3
13	Morgan 21	Texas, USA	1986	1	19	–	1
14	Phillips 22	Leicester, UK	1987	1	12	4	8
15	Steinbruchel 23	Kolding, Denmark	1988	2	26	24	15
					34	4	17
16	O'Shaughnessy 24	Dublin, Ireland	1990	2	18	3	2
					20	6	6
17	Hurren 25	Southhampton, UK	1992	2	20	Sudden	4
					33	6	27
18	Chinegwundoh 26	Stoke‐on‐Trent	1995	1	20	4	6
19	Rasmussen 27	Randers, Denmark	1996	4	20	6	11
					12	12	2
					26	4	7
					5	2	3.5
20	Von Zastrow 28	Germany	2005	2	29	–	10
					16	–	1.17
21	De Vylder 10	Netherlands	2006	3	22	–	4
					30	168	15
					35	–	–
22	Blaut 29	Germany	2008	1	13	30	2
23	Van Glabeke 30	France	2010	1	27	–	10
24	Alnadhari 31	Doha, Qatar	2019	1	31	120	25
25	Koochakzadeh 32	Florida, USA	2019	1	13	Sudden	1
26	Wang 33	Ohio, USA	2019	1	22	3	14