Table 3.
Summary of clinical features of cases included in the review
| First author | Abdominal pain | Nausea & vomiting | Testicular pain | Redness | Swelling | High riding testicle | Degree of rotation | Side of initial torsion | Side of recurrent torsion | How was diagnosis made? | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Johenning 8 | – | – | X | X | X | ‐ | 360 | R | R | PE |
| – | – | X | – | X | – | 180 | R | L | PE | ||
| 2 | Kossow 12 | – | X | X | – | X | – | 180 | R | L | PE |
| 3 | May 13 | – | – | X | – | X | – | – | – | – | PE |
| – | X | X | X | X | – | – | R | R | Observations of Angell | ||
| 4 | McNellis 9 | – | – | X | – | – | X | – | L | R | PE |
| – | – | X | – | – | – | – | R | R | Doppler & TS | ||
| – | – | X | – | – | – | – | L | L | Doppler | ||
| – | – | X | – | – | – | – | R | L | Surgery | ||
| 5 | Redman 14 | – | – | X | X | X | – | 360 | R | L | PE |
| 6 | Vorstman 15 | – | – | X | – | X | – | – | L | L | PE |
| 7 | Naughton 16 | – | – | X | – | X | X | – | L | L | PE |
| 8 | Thurston 17 | X | X | X | – | – | – | – | UD | L | PE |
| – | – | X | – | X | X | – | RUD | R | PE | ||
| – | – | X | X | X | X | 540 | LUD | R | PE | ||
| – | – | X | – | X | – | – | R | L | PE | ||
| – | – | X | – | – | – | – | L | L | PE | ||
| 9 | Tawil 18 | – | – | X | X | – | X | 360 | L | R | PE |
| 10 | Kuntze 19 | – | – | X | – | X | – | 360 | L | R | PE, Doppler, TS |
| – | – | X | – | X | – | 360 | R | L | TS | ||
| 11 | Gillion 11 | – | – | X | – | – | – | – | R | L | PE |
| – | – | X | – | – | – | 180 | R | L | PE | ||
| 12 | Hulecki 20 | – | – | X | – | – | X | 720 | R | L | Doppler & TS |
| 13 | Morgan 21 | – | X | X | – | – | X | – | L | L | PE & TS |
| 14 | Phillips 22 | – | – | X | X | X | X | 720 | RUD | R | PE |
| 15 | Steinbruchel 23 | – | X | X | – | X | – | – | LUD | L | PE |
| – | – | X | – | X | X | 720 | RUD | R | PE | ||
| 16 | O′Shaughnessy 24 | – | – | X | – | – | – | 540 | RUD | L | PE |
| – | – | X | – | X | X | 360 | LUD | R | PE | ||
| 17 | Hurren 25 | – | – | X | – | X | X | – | LUD | L | PE |
| – | – | X | – | – | X | 180 | LUD | L | PE | ||
| 18 | Chinegwundoh 26 | – | – | X | – | X | – | – | R | L | Doppler |
| 19 | Rasmussen 27 | – | – | X | – | X | ‐ | – | RUD | L | PE |
| – | – | X | – | X | ‐ | – | LUD | R | PE | ||
| – | – | X | – | X | X | – | RUD | L | PE & Doppler | ||
| – | – | X | – | X | X | 360 | RUD | L | PE | ||
| 20 | Von Zastrow 28 | – | – | X | – | – | – | – | R | R | Doppler |
| – | – | X | X | X | – | 1080 | R | L | PE & Doppler | ||
| 21 | De Vylder 10 | – | – | X | – | – | – | 720 | L | L | PE |
| – | – | X | X | – | – | – | R | R | PE | ||
| – | – | X | – | X | – | – | R | L | Doppler | ||
| 22 | Blaut 29 | – | X | X | – | – | – | 360 | R | L | Doppler |
| 23 | Van Glabeke 30 | – | – | X | – | X | – | 720 | R | L | Doppler |
| 24 | Alnadhari 31 | – | – | X | – | X | – | – | L | L | Doppler |
| 25 | Koochakzadeh 32 | – | – | X | – | X | X | 360 | L | R | Doppler |
| 26 | Wang 33 | X | X | X | – | ‐ | X | 360 | L | L | Doppler |
Abbreviations: L, left; LUD, left undescended; PE, physical exam; R, right; RUD, right undescended; TS, testicular scan; UD, undescended.