Table 4.
Summary of surgical techniques for TT and RTT reported in the included articles
| First Incidence of Torsion | Second Incidence of Torsion | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| First author | Technique | Suture type | No. of sutures | Site of sutures | Complications | Technique | Suture type | No. of sutures | Site of sutures | Complications | |
| 1 | Johenning 8 | – | – | – | – | None | TA to SW | – | 2 | – | R Orchiectomy |
| TA to scrotum | 3/0 chromic catgut | 2 | – | – | – | – | – | – | None | ||
| 2 | Kossow 12 | – | – | – | – | R Orchiectomy | Fixation | – | 3 | – | L Atrophy |
| 3 | May 13 | TA to PTV | Catgut | Several | – | None | PTV excised | – | – | – | None |
| TA to PV | Catgut | 3 | – | None | PTV excised | – | – | – | R Atrophy | ||
| 4 | McNellis 9 | Fixed bilaterally | 3/0 chromic catgut | – | – | None | Fixed bilaterally | – | – | – | None |
| Fixed bilaterally | 3/0 vicryl | – | – | – | Fixed bilaterally | – | – | – | – | ||
| Fixed bilaterally | 3/0 chromic catgut | – | – | – | Fixed bilaterally | – | – | – | – | ||
| ‐ | Absorbable | – | – | – | Fixed bilaterally | Non‐absorbable | – | – | – | ||
| 5 | Redman 14 | PTV to VTV | 3/0 chromic catgut | 3 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 6 | Vorstman 15 | TA to SS | 3/0 chromic catgut | 2 | – | None | TA to SW | Silk | 2 | – | None |
| 7 | Naughton 16 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| 8 | Thurston 17 | Fixed to thigh | Chromic catgut | 1 | – | – | Evag. TV to SW | Non‐absorbable | 2 | Bipolar | L Orchiectomy |
| Dartos Pouch | – | – | – | None | Evagination PTV | Non‐absorbable | 3 | – | None | ||
| – | – | – | Lower | L Orchiectomy | Plication of TV | – | – | – | – | ||
| – | 2/0 chromic catgut | – | Bipolar | R Orchiectomy | – |
Non‐absorbable ‐ |
3 | – | Swelling | ||
| Fixed bilaterally | Absorbable | ‐ | Bipolar | None | – | – | – | – | None | ||
| 9 | Tawil 18 | VTV to TA & PTV | 3/0 chromic catgut | 2 | – | – | – | – | – | – | R + L Orchiectomy |
| 10 | Kuntze 19 | Fixed to DF | 2/0 chromic | – | – | L Orchiectomy | – | 3/0 silk | ‐ | ‐ | R Orchiectomy |
| TA to DF | 3/0 chromic | – | – | R Orchiectomy | Remove window TV | 3/0 silk | ‐ | ‐ | L Orchiectomy | ||
| 11 | Gillion 11 | Fixed bilaterally | – | – | – | – | – | Non‐absorbable | – | – | – |
| Fixed bilaterally | – | – | – | – | Fixation to TV | Non‐absorbable | – | – | – | ||
| 12 | Hulecki 20 | Transeptally | 2/0 proline | – | – | None | – | 3/0 proline | 4 | – | None |
| 13 | Morgan 21 | – | – | 1 | – | – | – | 2/0 vicryl | 2 | – | – |
| 14 | Phillips 22 | – | Catgut | 2 | Bipolar | – | – | Silk | 3 | – | – |
| 15 | Steinbruchel 23 | – | – | 1 | SW&TE | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| – | Catgut | 2 | Lower | – | Fixed to DF | – | – | – | – | ||
| 16 | O′Shaughnessy 24 | DP to DF | – | – | – | – | TA to TV | 2/0 polyglycolic acid | 2 | – | – |
| DP fixation | Chromic catgut | 1 | – | – | – | 2/0 polyglycolic acid | – | – | – | ||
| 17 | Hurren 25 | – | – | – | – | – | Fixed bilaterally | – | – | – | – |
| – | – | – | – | – | Fixed bilaterally | – | – | – | – | ||
| 18 | Chinegwundoh 26 | – | Catgut | – | – | None | – | – | – | – | None |
| 19 | Rasmussen 27 | – | – | – | – | – | Fixed to DF | – | – | – | – |
| – | – | – | – | – | Fixed to DF | – | – | – | – | ||
| – | – | – | – | – | Fixed to DF | – | – | – | – | ||
| – | – | – | – | – | Fixed to DF | Dexon | – | – | – | ||
| 20 | Von Zastrow 28 | DF to TA | Non‐absorbable | 3 | – | – | – | – | – | – | – |
| – | – | – | – | – | R Orchiectomy | – | – | – | L Atrophy | ||
| 21 | De Vylder 10 | – | Absorbable | 2 | – | – | Jaboulay's bottle neck | – | – | – | – |
| Fixed bilaterally | Absorbable | – | – | – | – | – | – | – | R Orchiectomy | ||
| Fixed to TA | – | – | – | R Orchiectomy | – | – | – | – | – | ||
| 22 | Blaut 29 | – | – | – | – | – | R Orchiectomy | 4/0 polypropylene | 3 | SW | L Orchiectomy |
| 23 | Van Glabeke 30 | – | – | – | – | – | R Orchiectomy | – | – | – | L Orchiectomy |
| 24 | Alnadhari 31 | – | – | – | Lower | – | Fixed to SW | – | 3 | – | L Orchiectomy |
| 25 | Koochakzadeh 32 | Fixation to DP | 4/0 prolene | 4 | – | L Orchiectomy | TA to SS | 4/0 non‐absorbable | 4 | – | – |
| 26 | Wang 33 | – | 5/0 prolene | 3 | Lower pole | – | – | 4/0 prolene | 3 | – | – |
Abbreviations: DF, dartos fascia; DP, dartos pouch; PTV, parietal tunica vaginalis; SS, scrotal septum; SW, scrotal wall; TA, tunica albuiginea; TE, tail of epididymis; VTV, visceral tunica vaginalis.